Venom Wiki / Tut las creaturas / Serps a sunaglia

Nr. 0524 da 1 402

South American rattlesnake

Crotalus durissus

Po mazzarPo ta mazzar senza tractament. Sch'el ta morda, tschertga spert agid.

Serps a sunaglia

MorsasMangia: Charn

Privel per umans: Fitg privlusEl po mazzar ina persuna che na survegn nagin tractament.

The South American rattlesnake is a large, highly venomous pit viper. It lives across much of South America, except the Andes Mountains, and also on some Caribbean islands. It is the most widely spread member of its genus, which is why it matters to people in so many places.1

Viva en

South America except the Andes, including Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay; also some Caribbean islands, including Aruba1

America dal Sid

Pagina iniziala

It prefers savanna and semi-arid areas, and is found in several types of scrub and seasonal forest. In the Chaco region of Paraguay, it lives in the drier, sandier areas.1

Lunghezza

1,9 m (6,2 ft)1

Sveltezza maximala

circa 4 km/h (2,5 mph)

Sin terra, stima approximativa

Tge mangia el?

It eats mainly rodents, which are abundant and available all year in most of its range. In some regions it also eats lizards of the Teiidae family.1

Foto da South American rattlesnake — South American rattlesnake. Foto: Leandro Avelar. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Co renconuscher el

Two distinct stripes start at the base of the head, and the colour between the lines is lighter than the stripes.1
Body colour and pattern vary, but most have 18 to 32 dark diamond or rhombic spots along the back.1
The head has a dark brown bar at the top and a dark band behind the eye.1
The tail is usually grey, with dark, faint crossed bands.1
The belly is white or yellowish with light grey spots, getting darker towards the tail.1

Forza dal tissi

Morsas

Il tissi vegn or tras ses dents da tissi u ses dents, cura ch'el morda.

Tge fa ses tissi?

Its venom contains neurotoxins, which attack the nerves, and myotoxins, which damage muscle. These cause progressive paralysis, including impaired or lost vision, hearing problems, drooping eyelids and weakness in the neck muscles, which can become so limp that the head appears broken. Breathing can eventually be stopped by paralysis, and the muscle damage can cause dark urine.1

Quant privlus è el per umans?

Privel per umans: Fitg privlusEl po mazzar ina persuna che na survegn nagin tractament.

It is a highly venomous snake. The mortality rate is 72% for bite cases without specific serum treatment, and 11% for cases with it. Acute kidney failure is considered the main cause of death.1

Bunas novitads: ils medis han in medicament (antiserum) u in tractament per quai.1

Tge fa el, cura ch'el ha tema?

It is highly alert and gives little warning before it strikes, but it is seldom aggressive towards people.1

Sch'el morda

Specific serum treatment (antivenom) greatly lowers the death rate, so a bite needs urgent hospital care to give it.1
Tegna la persuna immobila e quieta, tegna il member mors a l'autezza dal cor, prenda giu anels e chaussas strenschidas e va spert en in ospital.

Clama adina l'emprim tes numer d'urgenza (112, 000, 911). Quai è in cussegl general d'emprim agid, betg in cussegl medicinal. Basa da l'emprim agid

Resta en segirezza

Na tutga, na piglia e na tizza mai in animal selvadi, gnanc in pitschen, ed era sch'el para da durmir u d'esser mort.
Dà spazi a l'animal. Sche ti scuntras in, resta calm, va plaun enavos e lascha ir el per sia via.
Sch'in tal animal ta morda: resta calm, na ta mova betg, clama tes numer d'urgenza (112, 000, 911) u va spert en in ospital. Ta regorda co ch'el veseva or, ina foto gida.

El n'ha betg quai sin tai. El dovra ses tissi per pigliar nutriment u per sa defender, e sa zuppa bler pli gugent. Dapli davart la segirezza

Nua sin il mund?

Africa Asia Europa America dal Nord America dal Sid Australia ed Oceania

Quant grond è el?

Quant lung è el?

uschè lung sco 4 giats da chasa dal nas fin a la cuauschè lung sco 11 bananas ina suenter l'autrapudess currer 100 meters en 90 secundas (l'uman il pli svelt dovra 9,6)

Quant grond è South American rattlesnake cumpareglià cun TAI?

Mo matematica en tes navigatur. Nagut na vegn memorisà u tramess.

Quant svelt è el?

Ina tartaruga circa 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

South American rattlesnake circa 4 km/h (2,5 mph)

Ina persuna che va a pe circa 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

bun da savair

Fatgs

The lethal dose for a 60 kg human is possibly 18 mg, while a snake's venom yield is 20 to 100 mg.1

Crotoxin, a neurotoxin, makes up about 48.5% to 89.4% of the venom proteins in one subspecies, though it is typically 60% to 70%.1

It is the most widely distributed member of its genus, and seven subspecies are currently recognised.1

It is more active at dusk and in the early hours of the morning.1

Males compete for access to females from the end of summer, with mating in autumn and the young born the following spring or summer.1

Destructur da mits

Mit: Yellow venom means the bite damages blood and tissue, and white venom means it attacks the nerves.

Vardad: Venom colour does not determine the type. Colour depends on pigments in the venom, not on whether it is haemorrhagic or neurotoxic.1

Per experts da tissi

Num scientific: Crotalus durissus
Gruppa: Serps a sunaglia
Famiglia: Viperidae2
Urden: Squamata
Continents: America dal Sid
Poppins: It gives birth to live young (ovoviviparous), usually four to eight at a time. In Roraima, Brazil, gestation has been reported to last five months, with up to 14 young.1
Privel per umans: 4 / 5: Fitg privlus3

Da nua che vegnan ils fatgs

Crotalus durissus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Crotalus durissus (iNaturalist): nums e classificaziun.
Venom Wiki: il stgalim da privel, la grondezza tipica e la stima da la sveltezza èn noss agens. Guarda co che nus als calculain: Co che nus valitain il privel.

Mintga fatg sin questa pagina ha in numer che renvia a sia funtauna. Sche nus avain fatg in sbagl, perstgisa, nus essan fans d'animals, betg ina revista scientifica. Scriva a nus a [email protected] e nus curregin.

Il scorpiun ha fom! Venom Wiki è in project d'ina suletta persuna: gratuit, senza reclama e senza trackers. In pitschen bunamaun gida a tegnair el online.Pavlar il scorpiun