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Risba: Alpine salamander
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Alpine salamander

Salamandra atra
O imenu: The species name atra comes from the Latin ater, meaning dull black.1
NeškodljivaZa ljudi neškodljiva. Ni razloga za skrb.
Strupene žabe, krastače in pupki Strup v kožiJe: MesoStrupena za dotik ali zaužitje, ne ob ugrizu ali piku
Nevarnost za ljudi: BlagaKot čebelji pik ali manj. Za ljudi praktično neškodljiva.

The alpine salamander is a dark, slow-moving amphibian that lives high in the mountains of Europe. It spends its whole life on land, sheltering under stones, logs and in rock crevices. It produces toxic compounds from its skin, which help protect it from predators.1

Strupena ob ugrizu ali ob dotiku? Nekatere živali strup vbrizgajo z ugrizom ali pikom: te so strupene ob ugrizu ali piku. Druge so škodljive, če se jih dotakneš ali jih poješ: te so strupene za dotik ali zaužitje. Ta žival je strupena za dotik ali zaužitje.
Živi v
Alps and mountains of Europe: France, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina1
Evropa
Domov
Alpine salamanders live on land in forests and mountain meadows, usually above 700 metres. They shelter under stones or logs, or in rocky crevices, and they favour forests of silver fir, beech and spruce.1
Dolžina
14 cm do 15 cm (5,7 in do 5,9 in)1
Največja hitrost
približno 0,5 km/h (0,31 mph)
Na kopnem, groba ocena
Kaj je?
Alpine salamanders eat small invertebrates such as beetles, snails, millipedes and spiders. Beetles and snails make up the most important part of their diet, and they tend to choose larger prey.1
Zares!Fotografija: Alpine salamander
Alpine salamander. Fotografija: Aah-Yeah. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Kako jo prepoznaš

  • Usually small and dark brown or black1
  • Some forms have yellow, golden or white spots or marks on the back and head1
  • Males have swollen, visible cloacae and are slimmer than females1
  • Elongated head shape, with glands behind and beside the eyes1
  • Between 11 and 13 grooves along each side of the body, and a double row of glands down the back1

Pogosto zamenjujejo z: Lanza's alpine salamander (Salamandra lanzai) is a similar species that lives in one small area of the western Alps. The Corsican fire salamander (Salamandra corsica) is the alpine salamander's closest related species.1

Moč strupa

Strup v koži

Njena koža je strupena. Nevarno se je je dotakniti, jo polizati ali pojesti.

Kaj naredi njen strup, če se je dotakneš ali jo poješ?

Alpine salamanders produce toxic compounds from their skin. These compounds may protect them from predators and from microbes.1

Kako nevarna je za ljudi?

Nevarnost za ljudi: BlagaKot čebelji pik ali manj. Za ljudi praktično neškodljiva.

Kaj naredi, ko se prestraši?

Their yellow markings are thought to be a warning colour that deters predators, and the pure black colouring may also warn some predators off.1

Če se je je kdo dotaknil ali jo pojedel

  • Če se je je kdo dotaknil: dobro umij roke in se ne dotikaj oči ali ust. Če jo je otrok ali hišni ljubljenček polizal ali pojedel: pokliči center za zastrupitve ali številko za klic v sili.

Vedno najprej pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911). To so splošna navodila za prvo pomoč, ne zdravniški nasvet. Osnove prve pomoči

Ostani varen

  • Nikoli se ne dotikaj divje živali, je ne lovi in je ne draži, tudi če je majhna in tudi če je videti, kot da spi ali je mrtva.
  • Pusti ji prostor. Če jo srečaš, ostani miren, počasi stopi nazaj in jo pusti, da gre svojo pot.
  • Če si se je dotaknil ali jo pojedel: ne drgni si oči ali ust, umij si roke in poišči zdravniško pomoč.

Ne preži nate. Njen strup je tam samo zato, da je nihče ne poje. Več o varnosti

Kje na svetu?

AfrikaAzijaEvropaSeverna AmerikaJužna AmerikaAvstralija in Oceanija

Kako velika je?

Kako dolga je?

Alpine salamander približno 15 cm dolga (5,9 in)Pametni telefon približno 15 cm (5,9 in)Banana približno 18 cm (7,1 in)
dolga kot 5 kock za igranje v vrsti

Kakšne velikosti je Alpine salamander v primerjavi s TABO?

Samo matematika v tvojem brskalniku. Nič se ne shrani in nič se nikamor ne pošlje.

Kako hitra je?

vredno vedeti

Dejstva

1

Alpine salamanders are fully terrestrial, so they never need water to breed. Unlike many salamanders, their young do not develop as larvae in water.1

2

Young snakes, especially juvenile European adders, are a notable predator. In some locations, alpine salamanders make up just under half of these snakes' diet.1

3

They mark their territory with faecal pellets. Their scent tells other salamanders whether a pellet was left by a member of the same sex and species, and warns them that the site is already claimed.1

4

They are very stationary animals. The furthest a tracked individual was seen to travel in one summer was 12 metres.1

5

Their colour varies a great deal. Some populations are completely black, while others have bright yellow, white or grey spotting.1

6

Alpine salamanders cannot regulate their own body temperature, so losing a shelter can be extremely costly, and even fatal.1

Za strokovnjake za strupe

Znanstveno ime
Salamandra atra
Skupina
Strupene žabe, krastače in pupki
Družina
Salamandridae2
Red
Caudata
Celine
Evropa
Mladiči
They give birth to live young. Their larvae do not develop in water, because the whole life cycle takes place on land.1
Življenjska doba
približno 10 let1
Kako ji gre v naravi
Least Concern (IUCN Red List), although their numbers are decreasing and the subspecies S. a. aurorae is declining more quickly1
Nevarnost za ljudi
1 / 5: Blaga3

Od kod so dejstva

  1. Alpine salamander (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Salamandra atra (iNaturalist): imena in razvrstitev.
  3. Venom Wiki: stopnja nevarnosti, tipična velikost in ocena hitrosti so naše lastne. Poglej, kako jih določimo: Kako ocenjujemo nevarnost.

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