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Black mamba

Dendroaspis polylepis

O imenu: "Mamba" comes from the Zulu word "imamba". Its scientific name means "tree asp" and "many scales" in Ancient Greek. The "black" name refers to the inside of its mouth, not its skin.1

Smrtno nevarnaEna najbolj smrtonosnih živali na Zemlji. Če te ugrizne, takoj pokliči pomoč.Ubije v nekaj minutah. Pomoč mora biti že na poti.

Kobre, mambe in kraiti

UgriziJe: Meso

Nevarnost za ljudi: Smrtno nevarnaEna najnevarnejših živali na svetu.

The black mamba is a long, fast, highly venomous snake that lives in parts of sub-Saharan Africa. It can climb trees as well as move across the ground. It is one of the most feared snakes in Africa because its venom acts quickly.1

Živi v

Sub-Saharan Africa, from Ethiopia, Eritrea and Somalia south to South Africa, Namibia and Angola1

Afrika

Domov

It lives in savannah, woodland, scrub, rocky slopes and, in some regions, dense forest. It shelters in termite mounds, abandoned burrows, rock crevices and tree cracks. It usually avoids places above about 1,000 m.1

Dolžina

2 m do 4,5 m (6,6 ft do 15 ft)1

Teža

520 g do 2,4 kg (1,1 lb do 5,3 lb)1

Največja hitrost

približno 16 km/h (9,9 mph)

Na kopnem: pogosto navedena kot najhitrejša kača, v kratkih izbruhih

Kaj je?

It mainly hunts birds, especially young birds, and small mammals such as rodents and squirrels. It bites its prey, lets go, and waits for the animal to be paralysed and die before swallowing it.1

Fotografija: Black mamba — Black mamba. Fotografija: Wynand Uys. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Kako jo prepoznaš

Long, slender body with a coffin-shaped head and a slight brow ridge1
Body colour is usually olive, yellowish-brown, khaki or grey, rarely black1
Greyish-white underbelly1
Inside of the mouth is dark bluish-grey to nearly black, shown when threatened1
Young snakes are paler, typically grey or olive green, and darken with age1

Pogosto zamenjujejo z: It is often confused with the eastern green mamba, its closest relative. The two were once grouped together as one species before being separated.1

Moč strupa

Ugrizi

Strup pride ven skozi strupnike ali zobe, ko ugrizne.

Kaj naredi njen strup, ko ugrizne ali piči?

Its venom is mainly neurotoxic, meaning it attacks the nerves. Symptoms often start within ten minutes of a bite. The venom is frequently fatal unless antivenom is given.1

Kako nevarna je za ljudi?

Nevarnost za ljudi: Smrtno nevarnaEna najnevarnejših živali na svetu.

It attacks people only when threatened or cornered. A survey in South Africa from 1957 to 1979 recorded 2,553 venomous snakebites, of which 75 were confirmed as black mamba bites. The World Health Organization classes it as a snake of medical importance.1

Dobra novica: zdravniki imajo za to zdravilo (protistrup) ali zdravljenje.1

Kaj naredi, ko se prestraši?

When threatened, it opens its inky-black mouth, spreads a narrow neck flap, hisses and may strike several times in quick succession.1

Če ugrizne

Antivenom is the treatment for a black mamba bite, so get to a hospital as fast as possible.1
Poškodovanca drži pri miru in ga pomirjaj, odstrani prstane in tesne stvari ter ga hitro odpelji v bolnišnico: zdravljenje je protistrup.

Vedno najprej pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911). To so splošna navodila za prvo pomoč, ne zdravniški nasvet. Osnove prve pomoči

Ostani varen

Nikoli se ne dotikaj divje živali, je ne lovi in je ne draži, tudi če je majhna in tudi če je videti, kot da spi ali je mrtva.
Pusti ji prostor. Če jo srečaš, ostani miren, počasi stopi nazaj in jo pusti, da gre svojo pot.
Če te ugrizne: ostani miren, ne premikaj se, pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911) ali hitro pojdi v bolnišnico. Zapomni si, kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaga.

Ne preži nate. Strup uporablja, da ulovi hrano ali se zaščiti, in se veliko raje skrije. Več o varnosti

Kje na svetu?

Afrika Azija Evropa Severna Amerika Južna Amerika Avstralija in Oceanija

Kako velika je?

Kako dolga je?

Koliko tehta?

težka kot 20 banan

dolga kot 4 psov od nosu do repadolga kot 25 banan, položenih ena za drugopribližno tako težka kot domača mačkazmore 100 metrov v 22 sekundah (najhitrejši človek potrebuje 9,6)

Kakšne velikosti je Black mamba v primerjavi s TABO?

Samo matematika v tvojem brskalniku. Nič se ne shrani in nič se nikamor ne pošlje.

Kako hitra je?

Otrok na kolesu približno 12 km/h (7,5 mph)

Black mamba približno 16 km/h (9,9 mph)

Človek, ki šprinta približno 37 km/h (23 mph)

vredno vedeti

Dejstva

It is the second-longest venomous snake in the world, after the king cobra. It is the longest venomous snake in Africa.1

It can lift as much as 40% of its body length off the ground, so bites can land on the upper body.1

Honey badgers and mongooses have some resistance to its venom, and they sometimes hunt mambas.1

Its digestive system can fully digest a meal in eight to ten hours.1

Its fangs can be up to 6.5 mm long.1

Its name in some tribal languages means "dassie catcher", because it sometimes hunts the rock hyrax, also called a dassie.1

Razbijalec mitov

Mit: The black mamba is black, and it is always aggressive.

Resnica: Its skin is usually grey, olive or brown. The name comes from the dark inside of its mouth. It usually avoids people and attacks only when threatened or cornered.1

Za strokovnjake za strupe

Znanstveno ime: Dendroaspis polylepis
Skupina: Kobre, mambe in kraiti
Družina: Elapidae2
Red: Squamata
Celine: Afrika
Mladiči: It lays eggs. A female lays a clutch of 6 to 17 eggs, and the young are 40 to 60 cm long when they hatch.1
Življenjska doba: približno 11 let1
Kako ji gre v naravi: Least Concern1
Nevarnost za ljudi: 5 / 5: Smrtno nevarna3

Od kod so dejstva

Black mamba (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Dendroaspis polylepis (iNaturalist): imena in razvrstitev.
Venom Wiki: stopnja nevarnosti, tipična velikost in ocena hitrosti so naše lastne. Poglej, kako jih določimo: Kako ocenjujemo nevarnost.

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