Venom Wiki / Dhammaan xayawaanka / Shinni, wasp iyo hornet

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Paulista wasp

Polybia paulista

Wuu xanuunjiyaa oo keliyaWuu xanuunjiyaa, laakiin waxyeello weyn kuuma geysanayo.

Shinni, wasp iyo hornet

MudidWuxuu cunaa: Wax walba wax yar

Khatarta dadka: Xanuun badanAad buu u xanuunjin karaa, laakiin ku dhowaad weligiis khatar weyn ma aha.

The Paulista wasp is a social wasp that lives in colonies of thousands of wasps. It is found in Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina. Scientists are studying its venom because some of its peptides (small protein-like molecules) may one day help treat cancer and epilepsy.1

Wuxuu ku nool yahay

Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina; especially common in São Paulo, Brazil1

Koonfurta Ameerika

Bogga hore

It lives in tropical areas and builds its nests where they are protected from weathering. Up to three colonies can share the same location, and swarms appear from time to time.1

Dherer

1.1 cm (0.4 in)3

cabbirka caadiga ah ee qaangaarka

Xawaaraha ugu sarreeya

qiyaastii 22 km/saac (14 mayl/saac)

Duulis, qiyaas qallafsan

Muxuu cunaa?

Workers forage for water, plant fibre or pulp, animal protein and carbohydrates. Animal protein is used to feed the larvae, and adults feed mainly on cactus fruits when these are plentiful.1

Sawirka Paulista wasp — Paulista wasp. Sawir: Douglas. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Sida loo aqoonsado

Lives in a colony with a division of labour between young, middle-aged and older wasps1
Builds a nest with combs and envelopes, which are fixed to a surface1
Forms a tight cluster of wasps on the outside of a new nest while the inside has little room1
Found in tropical areas of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina1

Awoodda sunta

Mudid

Suntu waxay ka soo baxdaa mudde.

Maxay samaysaa suntiisa (qaniin ama mudid)?

The venom contains several peptides. These cause pain, swelling (oedema) and haemolysis, which means they break down red blood cells. They also trigger an inflammatory response, which causes physical discomfort.1

Intee buu dadka khatar ugu yahay?

Khatarta dadka: Xanuun badanAad buu u xanuunjin karaa, laakiin ku dhowaad weligiis khatar weyn ma aha.

Muxuu sameeyaa marka uu baqo?

Wasps use venom to defend themselves and their colony against predators, and workers defend the nest.1

Haddii uu mudo

Ka xoq mudidda shinnida oo meesha qabooji.
Haddii qofku neefsashada ku dhibtoonayo, wejiga ama cunaha ay bararaan, ama uu dareemayo inuu suuxayo, waa xaalad xasaasiyadeed oo degdeg ah: wac lambarka gurmadka degdegga ah oo isticmaal qalinkiisa adrenaline-ka haddii uu haysto.

Marka hore had iyo jeer wac lambarka gurmadka degdegga ah (112, 000, 911). Kani waa hage guud oo gargaar degdeg ah, ma aha talo caafimaad. Aasaaska gargaarka degdegga ah

Badbaado

Weligaa ha taaban, ha qaban, hana ku ciyaarin xayawaan duurjoog ah, xitaa mid yar, xitaa haddii uu u muuqdo inuu hurdo ama dhintay.
Meel u bannee. Haddii aad mid la kulanto, deg, tartiib dib ugu noqo oo u daa inuu jidkiisa maro.
Haddii mid ku mudo: deg, ha dhaqaaqin, wac lambarka gurmadka degdegga ah (112, 000, 911) ama si degdeg ah u tag isbitaalka. Xusuuso sida uu u egyahay, sawir ayaa caawiya.

Kuma raadinayo. Suntiisa wuxuu u isticmaalaa inuu cunto ku qabsado ama isku difaaco, wuxuuna aad u door bidaa inuu dhuunto. Wax badan oo ku saabsan badbaadada

Adduunka xaggee?

Afrika Aasiya Yurub Waqooyiga Ameerika Koonfurta Ameerika Awstaraaliya iyo Oceania

Intee buu le'eg yahay?

Intee buu dherer le'eg yahay?

aad u yar oo ciddiyahaaga dul fadhiisan karagaroon kubbadeed oo dhan wuxuu kaga duuli karaa 17 ilbiriqsi

Intee buu Paulista wasp le'eg yahay marka ADIGA laguu barbar dhigo?

Xisaab keliya oo browser-kaaga ku jirta. Waxba lama keydiyo, meelna looma diro.

Intee buu u dheereeyaa?

Duqsi guri qiyaastii 7 km/saac (4.4 mph)

Paulista wasp qiyaastii 22 km/saac (14 mph)

Qof orod xawaare ah ku jira qiyaastii 37 km/saac (23 mph)

waa wanaagsan tahay in la ogaado

Xaqiiqooyin

A peptide in the venom, called Polybia-MP1, kills cancer cells while leaving healthy cells intact, according to research so far. Further studies are needed to confirm it is safe as a chemotherapy drug.1

The venom contains mastoparan, which has been shown to inhibit the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, the cause of Chagas disease.1

Workers cool the nest by fanning their wings and spreading water on the combs, so the water evaporates and lowers the temperature.1

Colonies can contain from 10 to 94 queens, because young queens are constantly recruited.1

A colony can hold about 4,500 wasps during its early stage, and up to 13,000 wasps while males are being produced.1

Khubarada sunta

Magaca sayniska: Polybia paulista
Koox: Shinni, wasp iyo hornet
Qoys: Vespidae2
Kala horreynta: Hymenoptera
Qaaradaha: Koonfurta Ameerika
Carruurta yaryar: Queens lay eggs that develop into workers throughout the year, and they store sperm to fertilise the eggs.1
Khatarta dadka: 2 / 5: Xanuun badan3

Meesha xaqiiqooyinku ka yimaadaan

Polybia paulista (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Polybia paulista (iNaturalist): magacyada iyo kala soocidda.
Venom Wiki: heerka khatarta, cabbirka caadiga ah iyo qiyaasta xawaaraha annaga ayaa sameeyay. Eeg sida aan u xisaabinno: Sida aan u qiimeyno khatarta.

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