No. 1000 ho 1 402

Bullet ant

Paraponera clavata

Ka lebitso: The species name clavata means "club-shaped", and the genus name Paraponera translates to "near-Ponera".1

E utlwisa bohloko feelaE a utlwisa bohloko, empa e ke ke ya o lematsa haholo.

Bohlwa

Ho hlabaE ja: Hanyane ka tsohle

Kotsi ho batho: E bohlokoE ka utlwisa bohloko haholo, empa hoo e batlang e le kamehla ha e kotsi haholo.

The bullet ant is a large rainforest ant with a sting that is famously painful. It lives in humid lowland rainforests in Central and South America. Its sting ranks as the most painful of all insect stings on one informal pain scale.1

E phela

Central and South America, from Honduras and El Salvador south to Brazil and Bolivia1

Amerika Leboya, Amerika Borwa

Lapeng

Colonies of several hundred ants are usually built at the bases of trees in humid lowland rainforest. Workers forage up into the tree canopy, often as high as the upper canopy, and little foraging happens on the forest floor.1

Bolelele

1,8 cm ho isa ho 3 cm (0,7 in ho isa ho 1,2 in)1

Lebelo le phahameng

e ka bang 0,35 km/h (0,22 mph)

Naheng, kakanyo feela

E ja eng?

Workers forage in the trees for small arthropods (small invertebrates) and nectar. Nectar, carried between the mandibles (jaws), is the most common food brought back to the nest.1

Foto ya Bullet ant — Bullet ant. Foto: unknown. CC0, iNaturalist.

Ho e tseba jwang

Worker ants are 18–30 mm long1
They are stout and reddish-black1
They are wingless and look like wasps1
They produce a stridulating (rasping) sound when defending the nest1

Matla a chefo

Ho hlaba

Chefo e tswa ka lemao le hlabang.

Chefo ya yona (eo e e kenyang ka ho loma kapa ho hlaba) e etsang?

The sting delivers poneratoxin, a paralysing neurotoxic peptide (a small protein that attacks the nerves). It affects sodium ion channels, which are needed to send nerve signals, and blocks signal transmission in the central nervous system. Common symptoms from even one sting include swollen lymph nodes, swelling (oedema), a fast heartbeat (tachycardia) and fresh blood in the faeces.1

E kotsi hakae ho batho?

Kotsi ho batho: E bohlokoE ka utlwisa bohloko haholo, empa hoo e batlang e le kamehla ha e kotsi haholo.

The pain is described as burning, throbbing and all-consuming, and it can last for up to 24 hours. Workers are vicious when defending the nest, so people who disturb a nest risk being stung.1

E etsang ha e tshohile?

The ants are not aggressive in general, but they defend the nest viciously, producing a stridulating sound and stinging with ferocity.1

Haeba e hlaba

Hlatswa moo e hlabileng teng mme o pholise.
Haeba motho a hema ka thata, sefahleho kapa qoqotho di ruruha, kapa a ikutlwa a tla idibala, ke tshohanyetso ya aletjhi (allergy): letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso.

Kamehla letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Ena ke tataiso e akaretsang ya thuso ya pele, hase keletso ya bongaka. Metheo ya thuso ya pele

Dula o bolokehile

O se ke wa ama, wa tshwara kapa wa tena phoofolo ya naheng, leha e le e nyenyane, le leha e shebahala e robetse kapa e shwele.
E fe sebaka. Ha o kopana le yona, dula o kgutsitse, kgutlela morao butle mme o e tlohele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yona.
Haeba e nngwe e o hlaba: dula o kgutsitse, o se ke wa sisinyeha, letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso (112, 000, 911) kapa o ye sepetlele kapele. Hopola hore e ne e shebahala jwang, foto e a thusa.

Ha e o batle. E sebedisa chefo ya yona ho tshwara dijo kapa ho itshireletsa, mme e kgetha ho ipata. Ho eketsehileng ka ho dula o bolokehile

Hokae lefatsheng?

Afrika Asia Yuropa Amerika Leboya Amerika Borwa Australia le Oceania

E kgolo hakae?

E telele hakae?

e telele jwaloka klipi ya pampiri

Bullet ant e kgolo hakae ha e bapiswa le WENA?

Ke dipalo feela ka hara sebatli sa hao. Ha ho letho le bolokwang kapa le romelwang kae kapa kae.

E potlaka hakae?

Kgudu e ka bang 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Bullet ant e ka bang 0,35 km/h (0,22 mph)

Motho ya tsamayang e ka bang 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

ho molemo ho tseba

Dintlha

Its sting is compared to walking over flaming charcoal with a three-inch nail in your heel, and some victims say it feels like being shot, which gives the ant its name.1

The Sateré-Mawé people of Brazil use bullet ant stings in initiation rites for becoming warriors or leaders. Ants are sedated and woven into gloves, and the initiate wears them for 5 to 10 minutes or longer.1

A flying fly parasite, Apocephalus paraponerae, lays eggs in injured bullet ants, and a crushed ant can attract flies within two to three minutes.1

Poneratoxin from its venom is being investigated for possible medical uses.1

The glasswing butterfly, Greta oto, is a predator of the bullet ant. Its larvae make chemical extracts that these ants find unpalatable.1

Fossils of relatives were found in Dominican amber. The extinct Paraponera dieteri lived 15 to 45 million years ago in the Early Miocene.1

Bakeng sa ditsebi tsa chefo

Lebitso la saense: Paraponera clavata
Sehlopha: Bohlwa
Lelapa: Formicidae2
Tatelano: Hymenoptera
Dikontinente: Amerika Leboya, Amerika Borwa
Kotsi ho batho: 2 / 5: E bohloko3

Moo dintlha di tswang teng

Paraponera clavata (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Paraponera clavata (iNaturalist): mabitso le tlhophiso.
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