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Setshwantsho sa khathune sa Phantasmal poison frog
No. 1324 ho 1 402

Phantasmal poison frog

Epipedobates tricolor
Ka lebitso: The name 'phantasmal' refers to the frog's ghostly-looking patterns of stripes and blotches, and 'poison-arrow' or 'poison dart' refers to the poison in its skin.1
E utlwisa bohloko feelaO se ke wa amaE a utlwisa bohloko, empa e ke ke ya o lematsa haholo.
Dihoho tse chefang, mampotsana le di-newt Chefo letlalong la yonaE ja: DikokoanyanaE chefang, eseng e nang le chefo
Kotsi ho batho: E bohlokoE ka utlwisa bohloko haholo, empa hoo e batlang e le kamehla ha e kotsi haholo.

The phantasmal poison frog is a small, brightly coloured frog that lives only in a few places in central Ecuador. Its skin produces one of the most powerful natural poisons known, which scientists are studying for medicine. It is a rare animal, and its numbers are falling.1

E chefang kapa e nang le chefo? Diphoofolo tse nang le chefo di kenya chefo ka ho loma kapa ka ho hlaba. Diphoofolo tse chefang di kotsi ha o di ama kapa o di ja. Ena ke e chefang.
E phela
Central Ecuador, on the Andean slopes of Bolívar Province1
Amerika Borwa
Lapeng
It lives in the leaf litter on the forest floor, especially near streams and in inland wetlands. It is also found in banana and cacao plantations and in pastures near streams.1
Bolelele
2,3 cm (0,9 in)1
Lebelo le phahameng
e ka bang 3,4 km/h (2,1 mph)
Naheng, kakanyo feela
E ja eng?
It eats insects, including ants, termites and beetles, in its Andean habitat.1
Ka nnete!Foto ya Phantasmal poison frog
Phantasmal poison frog. Foto: Ruben Undheim. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Ho e tseba jwang

  • Body colour ranges from dark brown to dark red or black.1
  • Has two or three bright orange, bright yellow or light green stripes running along the back, from the head to the rear. The stripes can be straight or flame-shaped.1
  • Blotches or spots on the limbs and parts of the back match the colour of the stripes.1
  • Has distinct red or orange markings on the hind areas.1
  • Small, at about 2.3 cm from snout to vent (the base of the body).1

Hangata e ferekanngwa le: It is often confused with Epipedobates anthonyi, which has similar colours and calls. The first finger of E. anthonyi is longer than its second finger, while this frog's is not. E. anthonyi is also brick red to bright red, with cream or light-yellow stripes running from the head to the hips.1

Matla a chefo

Chefo letlalong la yona

Letlalo la yona le a chefa. Ho kotsi ho e ama, ho e nyeka kapa ho e ja.

Chefo ya yona (e chefang ha o e ama kapa o e ja) e etsang?

This frog is poisonous rather than venomous, so it does not inject venom. It makes epibatidine, a toxin that its skin glands release as a defence against predators. Epibatidine is studied for its medical value as a painkiller and opioid blocker. Scientists have found it to be hundreds of times stronger than morphine.1

E kotsi hakae ho batho?

Kotsi ho batho: E bohlokoE ka utlwisa bohloko haholo, empa hoo e batlang e le kamehla ha e kotsi haholo.

It is one of the most poisonous animals on the planet. One of the substances in its skin is a painkiller hundreds of times stronger than morphine. Its poison is in its skin, so it is harmful to touch or eat.1

E etsang ha e tshohile?

Its bright colours warn predators that it is highly toxic, and it releases poison from its skin glands.1

Haeba motho a e amme kapa a e jele

  • Haeba motho a amme e nngwe: hlatswa matsoho hantle mme o se ke wa ama mahlo kapa molomo. Haeba ngwana kapa phoofolo ya lapeng e e nyeditse kapa e e jele: letsetsa setsi sa chefo (poison centre) kapa nomoro ya tshohanyetso.

Kamehla letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Ena ke tataiso e akaretsang ya thuso ya pele, hase keletso ya bongaka. Metheo ya thuso ya pele

Dula o bolokehile

  • O se ke wa ama, wa tshwara kapa wa tena phoofolo ya naheng, leha e le e nyenyane, le leha e shebahala e robetse kapa e shwele.
  • E fe sebaka. Ha o kopana le yona, dula o kgutsitse, kgutlela morao butle mme o e tlohele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yona.
  • Haeba o e amme kapa o e jele: o se ke wa hohla mahlo kapa molomo, hlatswa matsoho mme o fumane thuso ya bongaka.

Ha e o batle. Chefo ya yona e teng feela hore ho se be le letho le e jang. Ho eketsehileng ka ho dula o bolokehile

Hokae lefatsheng?

AfrikaAsiaYuropaAmerika LeboyaAmerika BorwaAustralia le Oceania

E kgolo hakae?

E telele hakae?

Phantasmal poison frog bolelele ba e ka bang 2,3 cm (0,9 in)Thollo ya raese e ka bang 7 mm (0,3 in)Tjhelete ya tshepe ya euro e le nngwe e ka bang 2,3 cm (0,9 in)
e telele jwaloka klipi ya pampirie ka matha metara e 100 ka metsotswana e 110 (motho ya potlakang ka ho fetisisa o hloka 9,6)

Phantasmal poison frog e kgolo hakae ha e bapiswa le WENA?

Ke dipalo feela ka hara sebatli sa hao. Ha ho letho le bolokwang kapa le romelwang kae kapa kae.

E potlaka hakae?

ho molemo ho tseba

Dintlha

1

Its poison, epibatidine, is over two hundred times as powerful as morphine, according to one study.1

2

Males are very territorial. They first call to warn off intruders, and if that fails they chase and fight them.1

3

Males compete for the best perch, forming a hierarchy of dominance.1

4

The frog is active during the day, though males call most often in the morning.1

Ho senya ditshomo

Tshomo: That it is the same species as Epipedobates anthonyi.

Nnete: It is a separate species. The two were only formally distinguished in a 2004 study, though they look and sound alike.1

Bakeng sa ditsebi tsa chefo

Lebitso la saense
Epipedobates tricolor
Sehlopha
Dihoho tse chefang, mampotsana le di-newt
Lelapa
Dendrobatidae2
Tatelano
Anura
Dikontinente
Amerika Borwa
Masea
Eggs are laid in leaf litter, with clutches of around 10 eggs. The males guard the eggs and later carry the tadpoles on their backs to water, where they can develop safely.1
Boemo ba yona naheng
Vulnerable1
Kotsi ho batho
2 / 5: E bohloko3

Moo dintlha di tswang teng

  1. Phantasmal poison frog (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Epipedobates tricolor (iNaturalist): mabitso le tlhophiso.
  3. Venom Wiki: boemo ba kotsi, boholo bo tlwaelehileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kamoo re di balang ka teng: Kamoo re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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