Na. 0844 kati ya 1 402

Indian red scorpion

Hottentotta tamulus

Kuhusu jina: The species name tamulus is thought to come from the Tamil people of southeastern India, where the scorpion occurs.1

AnauaMmoja wa wanyama wanaoua zaidi Duniani. Akikudunga, omba msaada mara moja.Msaada wa haraka na dawa ya kuzuia sumu huokoa watu wengi. Piga namba yako ya dharura mara moja.

Nge

KudungwaHula: Nyama

Hatari kwa watu: AnauaMmoja wa wanyama hatari zaidi duniani.

The Indian red scorpion is a small, venomous scorpion found across most of India, eastern Pakistan, the eastern lowlands of Nepal and, more recently, Sri Lanka. It often lives close to people, so its sting is a serious concern in busy rural areas, especially for children.1

Anaishi

Most of India, eastern Pakistan, the eastern lowlands of Nepal, and recently recorded in Sri Lanka1

Asia

Nyumbani

It lives in vegetated lowlands with a humid subtropical to tropical climate, and often lives close to or inside human homes, especially in rural areas. It is found in scrubland, cropland, mango orchards, Eucalyptus plantations and under tree bark. People mostly meet it at night or in the early morning, when it crawls into beds or falls from ceilings.1

Urefu

5 cm hadi 9 cm (2 in hadi 3.5 in)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 1.6 kwa saa (maili 0.99 kwa saa)

Nchi kavu, makadirio

Hula nini?

It is nocturnal and hunts small invertebrates, and sometimes small vertebrates such as lizards.1

Picha ya Indian red scorpion — Indian red scorpion. Picha: Shantanu Kuveskar. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

Its walking legs and the tips of its pincers are bright orange-yellow to light reddish-brown.1
Its body is about 5 to 9 cm long (50 to 90 mm).1
It has three distinct ridges (carinae) on the top of its body segments.1
It has rather small pincers, a moderately thick tail and a rounded tail tip with a large stinger.1
In males, the base of the pincers is slightly more swollen than in females.1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: Under tree bark, its close relative Hottentotta pachyurus is far more common, making up about 91% of scorpions found there in one study in Pune, western India. Scorpions found under bark in that area are therefore more likely to be that species.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Kudungwa

Sumu hutoka kupitia mdungo.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

The venom is a complex mixture of proteins, including a toxin called tamapin. It mainly affects the heart and lungs, causing symptoms such as severe local pain, vomiting, sweating, unconsciousness, muscle convulsions, breathlessness, abnormal heart rhythms, shock and pulmonary oedema (fluid in the lungs), which may cause death.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: AnauaMmoja wa wanyama hatari zaidi duniani.

It is of great medical significance in densely populated areas of India and Nepal and occasionally causes human deaths. Clinical studies report fatality rates of 8 to 40%, and most victims are children. In Sri Lanka, 12 children in Jaffna died from its stings in 2011, and 80 patients were recorded in 2012.1

Habari njema: madaktari wana dawa (ya kuzuia sumu) au matibabu ya hili.1

Akidunga

Antivenin is the specific treatment, combined with supportive care such as vasodilators for heart effects and benzodiazepines for muscle effects. Scorpion antivenom has shown little effect in clinical treatment, while the drug prazosin, which lowers raised blood pressure, is usually recommended and reduces the mortality rate to less than 4%. Get to a hospital fast.1
Poza mahali palipodungwa kwa barafu na umweke mtu bila kutikisika. Tafuta msaada wa kitabibu haraka, hasa kwa watoto: baadhi ya nge ni hatari ya kifo kwa watoto.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Akikudunga: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

urefu sawa na matofali 3 ya kuchezea yaliyopangwa mstariangeweza kukimbia mita 100 kwa sekunde 220 (binadamu mwenye kasi zaidi anahitaji 9.6)

Indian red scorpion ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Kobe takriban km 0.3 kwa saa (0.19 mph)

Indian red scorpion takriban km 1.6 kwa saa (0.99 mph)

Mtu anayetembea takriban km 5 kwa saa (3.1 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

Most of its victims are children, and clinical studies report fatality rates of 8 to 40%.1

It often comes indoors, where it may crawl into beds or fall from ceilings at night.1

Its venom affects the heart and lungs more than the nerves, which is why its symptoms can become life-threatening.1

Prazosin, a drug used to lower blood pressure, reduces its mortality rate to less than 4%.1

It was not originally found in Sri Lanka, but studies from 2010 to 2013 showed it is now present there.1

Kuvunja dhana potofu

Dhana potofu: Five different subspecies of the Indian red scorpion exist.

Ukweli: R.I. Pocock described five groups in 1900, but these are colour variants (colour morphs), not true subspecies.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Hottentotta tamulus
Kundi: Nge
Familia: Buthidae2
Mpangilio: Scorpiones
Mabara: Asia
Hatari kwa watu: 5 / 5: Anaua3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Hottentotta tamulus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Hottentotta tamulus (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

Kila ukweli kwenye ukurasa huu una namba inayoonyesha chanzo chake. Kama tumekosea kitu, samahani, sisi ni wapenzi wa wanyama, si jarida la kisayansi. Tuambie kupitia [email protected] nasi tutarekebisha.

Nge ana njaa! Venom Wiki ni mradi wa mtu mmoja: bure, bila matangazo na bila vifuatiliaji. Mchango mdogo husaidia kuiweka hewani.Mlishe nge