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Redback spider

Latrodectus hasselti

Kuhusu jina: It is called the redback because of the distinctive red stripe along the top of its abdomen.1

Anahitaji daktariMara chache huua, lakini kuumwa kunahitaji daktari.

Buibui

KuumwaHula: Nyama

Hatari kwa watu: MbayaKuumwa kunahitaji daktari. Vifo ni nadra sana.

The redback spider is a highly venomous spider. It is thought to come from Australia, but it now also lives in Southeast Asia, Japan and New Zealand. It often lives close to people, in warm, sheltered places in and around homes, so it matters a great deal for safety.1

Anaishi

Australia, Southeast Asia, Japan and New Zealand; established colonies also in the United Arab Emirates1

Australia na Oceania

Nyumbani

It lives in warm, sheltered places, commonly near or inside human homes and other buildings. Food scraps and lights attract the insects it hunts, which brings the redback closer to people.1

Urefu

1 cm (0.4 in)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 0.92 kwa saa (maili 0.57 kwa saa)

Nchi kavu, makadirio

Hula nini?

It mainly catches insects, but also spiders, small lizards and occasionally even snakes or a mouse that become caught in its web. It squirts sticky silk over the prey, bites it repeatedly, wraps it in silk, then sucks out its liquefied insides back at its retreat.1

Picha ya Redback spider — Redback spider. Picha: Paul Whitington. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

The adult female has a round, shiny black body with a red stripe on the top of the abdomen.1
Underneath, she has an hourglass-shaped red or orange streak.1
The female's body is about 1 cm long, with slender legs.1
The male is much smaller, 3 to 4 mm long, light brown with white markings on the upper abdomen and a pale hourglass marking underneath.1
Its web is an irregular, untidy tangle of strong silk, usually in a warm, sheltered spot.1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: The false redback spider (Steatoda capensis) has a similar build but is uniformly black or plum-coloured, and it has no red stripe on its abdomen.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Kuumwa

Sumu hutoka kupitia meno yake ya sumu au meno anapouma.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

The venom is neurotoxic to vertebrates, meaning it attacks the nerves, and it causes a condition called latrodectism. Pain starts around the bite and typically becomes severe, spreading up the bitten limb and lasting for over 24 hours. Localised sweating in patches of skin is highly indicative of latrodectism, and nausea, vomiting, headache and agitation may indicate severe envenomation.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: MbayaKuumwa kunahitaji daktari. Vifo ni nadra sana.

The redback is one of the few spider species that can seriously harm humans. Because it often lives in buildings, it is responsible for a large number of serious spider bites in Australia.1

Habari njema: madaktari wana dawa (ya kuzuia sumu) au matibabu ya hili.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

Its bright scarlet markings may serve as a warning to potential predators.1

Akiuma

Osha jeraha na uweke barafu kupunguza maumivu. Tafuta msaada wa kitabibu kama maumivu ni makali, yanasambaa au mtu anajisikia vibaya.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Akikuuma: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

mdogo kiasi cha kukaa juu ya ukucha wako

Redback spider ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Kobe takriban km 0.3 kwa saa (0.19 mph)

Redback spider takriban km 0.92 kwa saa (0.57 mph)

Mtu anayetembea takriban km 5 kwa saa (3.1 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

A male redback can successfully mate with a female katipō, a related New Zealand spider, producing hybrid offspring.1

Males often mate with a female who may then eat them, a behaviour called sexual cannibalism that many arachnids show while mating.1

In laboratory tests, redbacks survived an average of 100 days, and sometimes over 300 days, without food.1

After mating, a female can store sperm for up to two years and use it to fertilise several clutches of eggs.1

Spiderlings and larger females steal food from other spiders' webs, and spiderlings sometimes eat their less active siblings.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Latrodectus hasselti
Kundi: Buibui
Familia: Theridiidae2
Mpangilio: Araneae
Mabara: Australia na Oceania
Watoto: Each clutch averages 250 eggs, housed in a round white silken egg sac. Spiderlings hatch after about 8 days, though cooler temperatures can greatly slow this.1
Muda wa maisha: takriban miaka 31
Hatari kwa watu: 3 / 5: Mbaya3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Redback spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Latrodectus hasselti (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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