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Cartoon ng Colorado River toad
Blg. 1336 sa 1 402

Colorado River toad

Incilius alvarius
Kailangan ng doktorHuwag hawakanBihirang nakamamatay, pero kung may humawak o kumain nito, magpatingin sa doktor.
Mga poison frog, palaka at newt May lason sa balat nitoKinakain: KarneNakalalason, hindi makamandag
Panganib sa tao: MalalaKung may humawak o kumain nito, magpatingin sa doktor. Napakabihira ng namamatay.

The Colorado River toad is a large toad of the deserts of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. It is famous for the toxic, mind-altering secretions it releases from glands in its skin when threatened. These secretions can be deadly if swallowed, so it should be left alone.1

Nakalalason o makamandag? Ang mga makamandag na hayop ay nag-iiniksiyon ng kamandag sa pamamagitan ng kagat o tusok. Ang mga nakalalasong hayop ay nakapipinsala kapag hinawakan o kinain. Ang isang ito ay nakalalason.
Nakatira sa
Northwestern Mexico (Sonora, Sinaloa, Chihuahua) and the southwestern United States, including Arizona and New Mexico1
Hilagang Amerika
Home
It lives in desert and semi-arid areas and is semiaquatic. People may find it in streams, near springs, in canals, drainage ditches and under water troughs. It often lives in rodent burrows and is active at night.1
Haba
19 cm (7.5 in)1
Pinakamataas na bilis
mga 2 km/h (1.2 mph)
Sa lupa, tantiya lang
Ano ang kinakain nito?
It is an active forager that feeds on invertebrates, lizards, small mammals and amphibians.1
Totoo!Litrato ng Colorado River toad
Colorado River toad. Litrato: Wildfeuer. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Paano ito makikilala

  • Olive green or mottled brown colour1
  • Smooth, leathery skin1
  • A large golden eye with a horizontal pupil, with a bulging kidney-shaped gland just behind it1
  • A large circular pale green ear drum area below that gland1
  • A weak, low-pitched call described as a toot lasting less than a second1

Lakas ng lason

May lason sa balat nito

Nakalalason ang balat nito. Delikado itong hawakan, dilaan o kainin.

Ano ang epekto ng lason nito?

The toad releases poison from glands in its skin, including the large parotoid glands behind the eyes. The poison contains psychoactive compounds, including 5-MeO-DMT and bufotenin, which affect the brain. It also contains digoxin-like cardiac glycosides, which act on the heart, and ingesting the poison can be fatal. In one reported case, a young woman who drank a tea made from toad preparation began vomiting and had difficulty breathing soon after, and died about two and a half hours later.1

Gaano ito kapanganib sa tao?

Panganib sa tao: MalalaKung may humawak o kumain nito, magpatingin sa doktor. Napakabihira ng namamatay.

The poison is potent enough to kill a grown dog, and dogs that attack toads have been paralysed or killed. Several cases of human poisoning from swallowing toad secretions or eggs have been reported, and at least one death from the ch'an su preparation has been recorded. The toad has also been linked to poisoning and at least one death from the use of related toad preparations as street drugs.1

Ano ang ginagawa nito kapag natatakot?

When threatened, it releases toxins from glands in its skin.1

Kung may humawak o kumain nito

  • Kung may humawak sa isa: hugasang mabuti ang mga kamay at huwag hawakan ang mata o bibig. Kung may batang o alagang hayop na dumila o kumain ng isa: tawagan ang poison control center o ang numero pang-emergency.

Laging tawagan muna ang numero pang-emergency (112, 000, 911). Ito ay pangkalahatang gabay sa pangunang lunas, hindi payong medikal. Mga batayan ng pangunang lunas

Mag-ingat

  • Huwag kailanman hawakan, hulihin o asarin ang ligaw na hayop, kahit maliit, at kahit mukha itong tulog o patay.
  • Bigyan ito ng espasyo. Kung makasalubong ka ng isa, manatiling kalmado, dahan-dahang umatras at hayaan itong umalis.
  • Kung nahawakan o nakain mo ito: huwag kuskusin ang mata o bibig mo, hugasan ang mga kamay mo at kumuha ng tulong medikal.

Hindi ka nito hinahabol. Ang lason nito ay para lang walang kumain dito. Higit pa tungkol sa pag-iingat

Saan sa mundo?

AprikaAsyaEuropaHilagang AmerikaTimog AmerikaAustralia at Oceania

Gaano ito kalaki?

Gaano ito kahaba?

Colorado River toad mga 19 cm ang haba (7.5 in)Isang saging mga 18 cm (7.1 in)Isang pusang bahay mga 50 cm (1.6 ft)
kasinghaba ng 6 laruang building brick na magkakasunodkayang tapusin ang 100 metro sa loob ng 180 segundo (9.6 ang kailangan ng pinakamabilis na tao)

Gaano kalaki si Colorado River toad kumpara sa IYO?

Math lang sa browser mo. Walang sine-save o ipinapadala kahit saan.

Gaano ito kabilis?

magandang malaman

Mga fact

1

It is the only toad species in which bufotenin is present in large enough amounts to have a psychoactive effect.1

2

Raccoons have learned to pull a toad away from water by its back leg, turn it over and feed on its belly, which keeps them away from the poison glands.1

3

Unlike most vertebrates, it gets most of its water by absorbing it across its belly through a special area of skin called the seat patch.1

4

A female can lay up to 8,000 eggs.1

5

It is the largest toad in the United States, apart from the non-native cane toad.1

Myth buster

Mito: Licking or smoking the toad's secretions is a safe way to get high or to treat illness.

Totoo: Swallowing the secretions has caused poisonings and deaths. Claims about its therapeutic use are unverified, and the US National Park Service has warned people not to handle or lick the toad.1

Para sa mga eksperto sa kamandag

Pangalang siyentipiko
Incilius alvarius
Grupo
Mga poison frog, palaka at newt
Pamilya
Bufonidae2
Ayos
Anura
Mga kontinente
Hilagang Amerika
Mga sanggol
Females lay eggs in ponds, slow-moving streams, temporary pools or man-made structures that hold water, and can lay up to 8,000 eggs in a long tube of jelly.1
Kalagayan nito sa ligaw
Listed as threatened in New Mexico and California. A June 2025 study found that persistent trapping in Mexico has decimated several populations and put the species at risk of extinction.1
Panganib sa tao
3 / 5: Malala3

Saan galing ang mga fact

  1. Colorado River toad (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Incilius alvarius (iNaturalist): mga pangalan at klasipikasyon.
  3. Venom Wiki: sarili naming tantiya ang antas ng panganib, karaniwang laki at hula sa bilis. Tingnan kung paano namin ito kinukuwenta: Paano namin sinusukat ang panganib.

Bawat fact sa pahinang ito ay may numerong tumuturo sa pinagmulan nito. Kung may mali kami, pasensya na, mahilig lang kami sa hayop, hindi kami science journal. Sabihin sa amin sa [email protected] at aayusin namin.

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Higit pa mula sa parehong grupo: Mga poison frog, palaka at newt

Cane toadMga poison frog, palaka at newtKailangan ng doktorHuwag hawakanStrawberry poison-dart frogMga poison frog, palaka at newtMasakit langHuwag hawakanCalifornia newtMga poison frog, palaka at newtPuwedeng pumatayHuwag hawakanRough-skinned newtMga poison frog, palaka at newtPuwedeng pumatayHuwag hawakanPanamanian golden frogMga poison frog, palaka at newtKailangan ng doktorHuwag hawakanEastern newtMga poison frog, palaka at newtMasakit langHuwag hawakan

Nakatira rin sa: Hilagang Amerika

TerciopeloMga pit viperNakamamatayEastern coral snakeMga coral snakePuwedeng pumatayEastern diamondback rattlesnakeMga rattlesnakePuwedeng pumatayEyelash viperMga pit viperPuwedeng pumatayTimber rattlesnakeMga rattlesnakePuwedeng pumatayWestern diamondback rattlesnakeMga rattlesnakePuwedeng pumatay
Pakainin ang alakdantip jar, pinapanatili itong libre