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Indian red scorpion

Hottentotta tamulus

Tungkol sa pangalan: The species name tamulus is thought to come from the Tamil people of southeastern India, where the scorpion occurs.1

NakamamatayIsa sa pinakanakamamatay na hayop sa Mundo. Kung tusukin ka nito, tumawag agad ng tulong.Ang mabilis na tulong at antivenom ang nagliligtas sa karamihan ng tao. Tawagan agad ang numero pang-emergency.

Mga alakdan

Mga tusokKinakain: Karne

Panganib sa tao: NakamamatayIsa sa pinakamapanganib na hayop sa mundo.

The Indian red scorpion is a small, venomous scorpion found across most of India, eastern Pakistan, the eastern lowlands of Nepal and, more recently, Sri Lanka. It often lives close to people, so its sting is a serious concern in busy rural areas, especially for children.1

Nakatira sa

Most of India, eastern Pakistan, the eastern lowlands of Nepal, and recently recorded in Sri Lanka1

Asya

Home

It lives in vegetated lowlands with a humid subtropical to tropical climate, and often lives close to or inside human homes, especially in rural areas. It is found in scrubland, cropland, mango orchards, Eucalyptus plantations and under tree bark. People mostly meet it at night or in the early morning, when it crawls into beds or falls from ceilings.1

Haba

5 cm hanggang 9 cm (2 in hanggang 3.5 in)1

Pinakamataas na bilis

mga 1.6 km/h (0.99 mph)

Sa lupa, tantiya lang

Ano ang kinakain nito?

It is nocturnal and hunts small invertebrates, and sometimes small vertebrates such as lizards.1

Litrato ng Indian red scorpion — Indian red scorpion. Litrato: Shantanu Kuveskar. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Paano ito makikilala

Its walking legs and the tips of its pincers are bright orange-yellow to light reddish-brown.1
Its body is about 5 to 9 cm long (50 to 90 mm).1
It has three distinct ridges (carinae) on the top of its body segments.1
It has rather small pincers, a moderately thick tail and a rounded tail tip with a large stinger.1
In males, the base of the pincers is slightly more swollen than in females.1

Madalas mapagkamalang: Under tree bark, its close relative Hottentotta pachyurus is far more common, making up about 91% of scorpions found there in one study in Pune, western India. Scorpions found under bark in that area are therefore more likely to be that species.1

Lakas ng kamandag

Mga tusok

Lumalabas ang kamandag sa pamamagitan ng pantusok.

Ano ang epekto ng kamandag nito?

The venom is a complex mixture of proteins, including a toxin called tamapin. It mainly affects the heart and lungs, causing symptoms such as severe local pain, vomiting, sweating, unconsciousness, muscle convulsions, breathlessness, abnormal heart rhythms, shock and pulmonary oedema (fluid in the lungs), which may cause death.1

Gaano ito kapanganib sa tao?

Panganib sa tao: NakamamatayIsa sa pinakamapanganib na hayop sa mundo.

It is of great medical significance in densely populated areas of India and Nepal and occasionally causes human deaths. Clinical studies report fatality rates of 8 to 40%, and most victims are children. In Sri Lanka, 12 children in Jaffna died from its stings in 2011, and 80 patients were recorded in 2012.1

Magandang balita: may gamot (antivenom) o gamutan ang mga doktor para dito.1

Kung tumusok ito

Antivenin is the specific treatment, combined with supportive care such as vasodilators for heart effects and benzodiazepines for muscle effects. Scorpion antivenom has shown little effect in clinical treatment, while the drug prazosin, which lowers raised blood pressure, is usually recommended and reduces the mortality rate to less than 4%. Get to a hospital fast.1
Palamigin ang tusok gamit ang ice pack at panatilihing hindi gumagalaw ang tao. Kumuha agad ng tulong medikal, lalo na para sa mga bata: may mga alakdan na nakamamatay sa mga bata.

Laging tawagan muna ang numero pang-emergency (112, 000, 911). Ito ay pangkalahatang gabay sa pangunang lunas, hindi payong medikal. Mga batayan ng pangunang lunas

Mag-ingat

Huwag kailanman hawakan, hulihin o asarin ang ligaw na hayop, kahit maliit, at kahit mukha itong tulog o patay.
Bigyan ito ng espasyo. Kung makasalubong ka ng isa, manatiling kalmado, dahan-dahang umatras at hayaan itong umalis.
Kung tusukin ka ng isa: manatiling kalmado, huwag gumalaw, tawagan ang numero pang-emergency (112, 000, 911) o pumunta agad sa ospital. Tandaan ang itsura nito, makakatulong ang litrato.

Hindi ka nito hinahabol. Ginagamit nito ang kamandag para manghuli ng pagkain o ipagtanggol ang sarili, at mas gusto pa nitong magtago. Higit pa tungkol sa pag-iingat

Saan sa mundo?

Aprika Asya Europa Hilagang Amerika Timog Amerika Australia at Oceania

Gaano ito kalaki?

Gaano ito kahaba?

kasinghaba ng 3 laruang building brick na magkakasunodkayang tapusin ang 100 metro sa loob ng 220 segundo (9.6 ang kailangan ng pinakamabilis na tao)

Gaano kalaki si Indian red scorpion kumpara sa IYO?

Math lang sa browser mo. Walang sine-save o ipinapadala kahit saan.

Gaano ito kabilis?

Isang pagong mga 0.3 km/h (0.19 mph)

Indian red scorpion mga 1.6 km/h (0.99 mph)

Isang taong naglalakad mga 5 km/h (3.1 mph)

magandang malaman

Mga fact

Most of its victims are children, and clinical studies report fatality rates of 8 to 40%.1

It often comes indoors, where it may crawl into beds or fall from ceilings at night.1

Its venom affects the heart and lungs more than the nerves, which is why its symptoms can become life-threatening.1

Prazosin, a drug used to lower blood pressure, reduces its mortality rate to less than 4%.1

It was not originally found in Sri Lanka, but studies from 2010 to 2013 showed it is now present there.1

Myth buster

Mito: Five different subspecies of the Indian red scorpion exist.

Totoo: R.I. Pocock described five groups in 1900, but these are colour variants (colour morphs), not true subspecies.1

Para sa mga eksperto sa kamandag

Pangalang siyentipiko: Hottentotta tamulus
Grupo: Mga alakdan
Pamilya: Buthidae2
Ayos: Scorpiones
Mga kontinente: Asya
Panganib sa tao: 5 / 5: Nakamamatay3

Saan galing ang mga fact

Hottentotta tamulus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Hottentotta tamulus (iNaturalist): mga pangalan at klasipikasyon.
Venom Wiki: sarili naming tantiya ang antas ng panganib, karaniwang laki at hula sa bilis. Tingnan kung paano namin ito kinukuwenta: Paano namin sinusukat ang panganib.

Bawat fact sa pahinang ito ay may numerong tumuturo sa pinagmulan nito. Kung may mali kami, pasensya na, mahilig lang kami sa hayop, hindi kami science journal. Sabihin sa amin sa [email protected] at aayusin namin.

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