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Southern black widow

Latrodectus mactans

Kailangan ng doktorBihirang nakamamatay, pero kailangang magpatingin sa doktor kapag nakagat.

Mga gagamba

Mga kagatKinakain: Karne

Panganib sa tao: MalalaKailangang magpatingin sa doktor kapag nakagat. Napakabihira ng namamatay.

The southern black widow is a venomous spider that lives in North America. Mature females are shiny black with a red hourglass mark on their underside. Its bite can cause pain and other symptoms, but it is rarely fatal to healthy people.1

Nakatira sa

Native to North America, mainly the southeastern United States. Also found in Mexico and the Dominican Republic, and established in Hawaii (USA).1

Hilagang Amerika

Home

It builds tangled, three-dimensional cobwebs and waits in a retreat near them. One way it has reached Hawaii is through imported produce.1

Haba

8 mm hanggang 1.3 cm (0.3 in hanggang 0.5 in)1

Pinakamataas na bilis

mga 0.98 km/h (0.61 mph)

Sa lupa, tantiya lang

Ano ang kinakain nito?

It eats a variety of insects, and also woodlice, millipedes, centipedes and other spiders. When prey is caught in its web, it rushes out, wraps the prey tightly in silk, and bites it. It then releases digestive enzymes into the wound and carries the prey back to its retreat to feed.1

Litrato ng Southern black widow — Southern black widow. Litrato: unknown. CC BY 2.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Paano ito makikilala

Mature females are shiny black, with a red hourglass-shaped mark on the underside of a very rounded abdomen.1
Many females have an orange or red patch on the top of the abdomen, just above the spinnerets.1
Mature females have a body length of 8–13 mm, not counting the legs. Males are 3–6 mm.1
Juveniles look very different. They have a grey to black abdomen with white stripes across it, spotted with yellow and orange.1
Males are either purple, or look more like the juveniles.1

Madalas mapagkamalang: It is often confused with the false widows (genus Steatoda) and with the closely related northern (L. variolus) and western (L. hesperus) black widows.1

Lakas ng kamandag

Mga kagat

Lumalabas ang kamandag sa pangil o ngipin nito kapag nangangagat ito.

Ano ang epekto ng kamandag nito?

The venom contains alpha-latrotoxin, a neurotoxic venom that attacks the nerves. It causes pain and other symptoms, which are collectively called latrodectism.1

Gaano ito kapanganib sa tao?

Panganib sa tao: MalalaKailangang magpatingin sa doktor kapag nakagat. Napakabihira ng namamatay.

Deaths in healthy adults are exceedingly rare. No deaths were reported among 23,409 documented Latrodectus bites in the US from 2000 to 2008, though about 2,000 bites happen each year. Only mature females can bite people.1

Magandang balita: may gamot (antivenom) o gamutan ang mga doktor para dito.1

Kung kumagat ito

Hugasan ang kagat at lagyan ng ice pack para sa sakit. Kumuha ng tulong medikal kung matindi ang sakit, kumakalat, o masama ang pakiramdam ng tao.

Laging tawagan muna ang numero pang-emergency (112, 000, 911). Ito ay pangkalahatang gabay sa pangunang lunas, hindi payong medikal. Mga batayan ng pangunang lunas

Mag-ingat

Huwag kailanman hawakan, hulihin o asarin ang ligaw na hayop, kahit maliit, at kahit mukha itong tulog o patay.
Bigyan ito ng espasyo. Kung makasalubong ka ng isa, manatiling kalmado, dahan-dahang umatras at hayaan itong umalis.
Kung kagatin ka ng isa: manatiling kalmado, huwag gumalaw, tawagan ang numero pang-emergency (112, 000, 911) o pumunta agad sa ospital. Tandaan ang itsura nito, makakatulong ang litrato.

Hindi ka nito hinahabol. Ginagamit nito ang kamandag para manghuli ng pagkain o ipagtanggol ang sarili, at mas gusto pa nitong magtago. Higit pa tungkol sa pag-iingat

Saan sa mundo?

Aprika Asya Europa Hilagang Amerika Timog Amerika Australia at Oceania

Gaano ito kalaki?

Gaano ito kahaba?

sapat na maliit para umupo sa kuko mo

Gaano kalaki si Southern black widow kumpara sa IYO?

Math lang sa browser mo. Walang sine-save o ipinapadala kahit saan.

Gaano ito kabilis?

Isang pagong mga 0.3 km/h (0.19 mph)

Southern black widow mga 0.98 km/h (0.61 mph)

Isang taong naglalakad mga 5 km/h (3.1 mph)

magandang malaman

Mga fact

In 1933, Allan Blair let himself be bitten by one of these spiders to study its venom in humans and to convince sceptics that it could be dangerous.1

Females will occasionally eat their mates after reproduction.1

Only mature females can bite people. Their hollow, needle-like mouthparts are about 1 mm long, which is long enough to inject venom into people.1

The brown widow (Latrodectus geometricus) competes with black widows for territory. In areas where they share space, it can displace them.1

Males live only about three to four months, while females can live for up to three years.1

Myth buster

Mito: A black widow bite is usually fatal.

Totoo: Black widow bites are rarely fatal to healthy people. No deaths from the US species were reported among 23,409 documented bites from 2000 to 2008.1

Para sa mga eksperto sa kamandag

Pangalang siyentipiko: Latrodectus mactans
Grupo: Mga gagamba
Pamilya: Theridiidae2
Ayos: Araneae
Mga kontinente: Hilagang Amerika
Mga sanggol: A female can produce four to nine egg sacs in one summer, each holding about 100–400 eggs, which she guards in a silken container.1
Haba ng buhay: mga 3 taon1
Panganib sa tao: 3 / 5: Malala3

Saan galing ang mga fact

Latrodectus mactans (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Latrodectus mactans (iNaturalist): mga pangalan at klasipikasyon.
Venom Wiki: sarili naming tantiya ang antas ng panganib, karaniwang laki at hula sa bilis. Tingnan kung paano namin ito kinukuwenta: Paano namin sinusukat ang panganib.

Bawat fact sa pahinang ito ay may numerong tumuturo sa pinagmulan nito. Kung may mali kami, pasensya na, mahilig lang kami sa hayop, hindi kami science journal. Sabihin sa amin sa [email protected] at aayusin namin.

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