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Tarantula hawk

Pepsis grossa
Tungkol sa pangalan: The wasps are named after their prey: they hunt tarantula spiders, which gives them the name tarantula hawk.1
Masakit langMasakit, pero hindi ka nito lubhang mapipinsala.
Mga bubuyog, putakti at hornet Mga tusokKinakain: Karne
Panganib sa tao: MasakitTalagang masakit, pero halos hindi kailanman malala.

The tarantula hawk is a very large wasp that hunts tarantulas, which are big hairy spiders. It lives from the southern United States through Mexico and Central America to northern South America, and also on the Caribbean islands. Its sting is among the most painful of any insect.1

Nakatira sa
Southern United States (as far north as Kansas), Mexico, Central America, northern South America and the Caribbean1
Hilagang Amerika, Timog Amerika
Home
Females hunt low over the ground, mainly around dusk and dawn to avoid the strong daytime sun. They look for spider burrows, using sight or scent, and may enter them to find prey.1
Haba
2.4 cm hanggang 5.1 cm (0.9 in hanggang 2 in)1
Pinakamataas na bilis
mga 45 km/h (28 mph)
Lumilipad, tantiya lang
Ano ang kinakain nito?
Adults hunt tarantulas, almost always from the Theraphosidae family. The wasp stings the spider to paralyse it, and the wasp's larva then eats the paralysed spider.1
Totoo!Litrato ng Tarantula hawk
Tarantula hawk. Litrato: Niklas299. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Paano ito makikilala

  • Black and orange colours, with several colour forms: an orange-winged form, a black-winged form, and in northern South America a form with a dark wing base, dark amber patches and a pale wing tip1
  • Females are 30–51 mm long; males are 24–40 mm long1
  • Jerky movements and a strong odour1
  • Males have 12 antennal segments, which separates them from other Pepsis species, which have 131

Madalas mapagkamalang: The black-winged form is hard to tell apart from Pepsis mexicana, but that species is always noticeably smaller. The robber fly Wyliea mydas copies the tarantula hawk's black body and bright orange wings, and makes stinging movements, but it cannot sting.1

Lakas ng kamandag

Mga tusok

Lumalabas ang kamandag sa pamamagitan ng pantusok.

Ano ang epekto ng kamandag nito?

Tarantula hawks produce large amounts of venom. A sting causes immediate, intense pain that is short-lived, and it is among the greatest pain recorded for any stinging insect. The venom itself is not very toxic, so its defence works almost entirely through pain.1

Gaano ito kapanganib sa tao?

Panganib sa tao: MasakitTalagang masakit, pero halos hindi kailanman malala.

Only females can sting. The sting is considered the second most painful of any insect sting, scoring 4.0 on the Schmidt sting pain index, compared with 4.0+ for the bullet ant.1

Ano ang ginagawa nito kapag natatakot?

Its black and orange colours, jerky behaviour and strong odour warn predators that it can sting.1

Kung tumusok ito

  • Kayurin palabas ang naiwang pantusok ng bubuyog at palamigin ang lugar.
  • Kung nahihirapang huminga ang tao, namamaga ang mukha o lalamunan, o parang hihimatayin, ito ay emergency sa allergy: tawagan ang numero pang-emergency at gamitin ang adrenaline pen niya kung mayroon siya.

Laging tawagan muna ang numero pang-emergency (112, 000, 911). Ito ay pangkalahatang gabay sa pangunang lunas, hindi payong medikal. Mga batayan ng pangunang lunas

Mag-ingat

  • Huwag kailanman hawakan, hulihin o asarin ang ligaw na hayop, kahit maliit, at kahit mukha itong tulog o patay.
  • Bigyan ito ng espasyo. Kung makasalubong ka ng isa, manatiling kalmado, dahan-dahang umatras at hayaan itong umalis.
  • Kung tusukin ka ng isa: manatiling kalmado, huwag gumalaw, tawagan ang numero pang-emergency (112, 000, 911) o pumunta agad sa ospital. Tandaan ang itsura nito, makakatulong ang litrato.

Hindi ka nito hinahabol. Ginagamit nito ang kamandag para manghuli ng pagkain o ipagtanggol ang sarili, at mas gusto pa nitong magtago. Higit pa tungkol sa pag-iingat

Saan sa mundo?

AprikaAsyaEuropaHilagang AmerikaTimog AmerikaAustralia at Oceania

Gaano ito kalaki?

Gaano ito kahaba?

Tarantula hawk mga 5.1 cm ang haba (2 in)Isang paper clip mga 3 cm (1.2 in)Isang smartphone mga 15 cm (5.9 in)
mas maikli kaysa sa hinliliit mokayang lumipad sa buong football field sa loob ng 8.4 segundo

Gaano kalaki si Tarantula hawk kumpara sa IYO?

Math lang sa browser mo. Walang sine-save o ipinapadala kahit saan.

Gaano ito kabilis?

magandang malaman

Mga fact

1

The female chooses the spider's size and sex for her eggs. Fertilised eggs go on large spiders and become females, and unfertilised eggs go on male spiders and become males.1

2

Roadrunners sometimes steal the tarantula from a wasp and leave the wasp unharmed. Others beat the wasp against the ground before eating it.1

3

The tarantula hawk is the state insect of New Mexico. Almost 10,000 schoolchildren voted for it, and it was made official by a law signed in 1989.1

4

Wasps of the genus Pepsis are important pollinators of milkweeds, which are poisonous to grazing livestock.1

Myth buster

Mito: The tarantula hawk's sting is dangerous mainly because its venom is strongly poisonous.

Totoo: The venom itself is not very toxic. Its main defence is the intense pain of the sting.1

Para sa mga eksperto sa kamandag

Pangalang siyentipiko
Pepsis grossa
Grupo
Mga bubuyog, putakti at hornet
Pamilya
Pompilidae2
Ayos
Hymenoptera
Mga kontinente
Hilagang Amerika, Timog Amerika
Mga sanggol
The female lays a single egg on a paralysed spider and seals it in a chamber, and the larva eats the spider.1
Panganib sa tao
2 / 5: Masakit3

Saan galing ang mga fact

  1. Pepsis grossa (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Pepsis grossa (iNaturalist): mga pangalan at klasipikasyon.
  3. Venom Wiki: sarili naming tantiya ang antas ng panganib, karaniwang laki at hula sa bilis. Tingnan kung paano namin ito kinukuwenta: Paano namin sinusukat ang panganib.

Bawat fact sa pahinang ito ay may numerong tumuturo sa pinagmulan nito. Kung may mali kami, pasensya na, mahilig lang kami sa hayop, hindi kami science journal. Sabihin sa amin sa [email protected] at aayusin namin.

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