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Setshwantsho sa khathune sa Indian saw-scaled viper
Nom. 0338 ya 1 402

Indian saw-scaled viper

Echis carinatus
E a bolayaNngwe ya diphologolo tse di bolayang go gaisa mo Lefatsheng. Fa e go loma, bitsa thuso ka yone nako eo.Thuso ya bonako le antivenom di pholosa batho ba bantsi. Leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso ka yone nako eo.
Divaepara le dibolobolo Go lomaE ja: Nama
Kotsi go batho: E a bolayaNngwe ya diphologolo tse di kotsi go gaisa mo lefatsheng.

The saw-scaled viper is a small, venomous snake of the Middle East, Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent. It is the smallest of the 'big four' Indian snakes that cause the most snakebite cases and deaths. It is easy to miss, which is one reason it causes so many bites.1

E tshela kwa
Middle East, Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent, from India and Sri Lanka to Iraq and Afghanistan1
Asia
Gae
It lives on sand, rock, soft soil and in scrubland, and is often found hiding under loose rocks. During the day it hides in deep mammal burrows, rock cracks and rotted logs, and in sandy ground it may bury itself, leaving only the head showing.1
Boleele
38 cm go ya go 80 cm (1,2 ft go ya go 2,6 ft)1
Lebelo le le kwa godimo
e ka nna 3,3 km/h (2,1 mph)
Mo lefatsheng, kakanyo fela
E ja eng?
It feeds on rodents, lizards, frogs and a range of arthropods, including scorpions, centipedes and large insects. Its diet changes with what prey is available.1
Ka nnete!Setshwantsho sa Indian saw-scaled viper
Indian saw-scaled viper. Setshwantsho: Shantanu Kuveskar. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Tsela ya go e lemoga

  • Small, usually no more than 60 cm long in total1
  • Pale buff, grey, reddish, olive or pale brown body with whitish spots edged in dark brown1
  • A whitish cross or trident pattern on the top of the head1
  • A faint stripe running from the eye to the angle of the jaw1
  • Whitish to pinkish belly, sometimes with brown dots1

Maatla a botlhole

Go loma

Botlhole bo tswa ka meno a yone fa e loma.

Botlhole jo e bo tsenyang bo dira eng?

Its venom causes swelling and pain within minutes of a bite, and the swelling can spread up the whole limb within 12 to 24 hours, with blisters forming on the skin. The more dangerous effects are whole-body: bleeding and clotting problems, bleeding from the stomach, lungs, nose or urine, and possible shock. Most patients produce little or no urine within a few hours to six days after the bite.1

E kotsi go le kae go batho?

Kotsi go batho: E a bolayaNngwe ya diphologolo tse di kotsi go gaisa mo lefatsheng.

About 20% of its bites used to be fatal, but deaths are now quite rare because antivenom is available. It is one of the species responsible for the most snakebite cases because it is inconspicuous and extremely aggressive.1

Dikgang tse di molemo: dingaka di na le molemo (antivenom) kgotsa kalafi ya se.1

E dira eng fa e tshogile?

When threatened it forms a double coil in a figure of eight, with its head in the centre, so it can lash out like a released spring.1

Fa e loma

  • Antivenin therapy and intravenous hydration within hours of the bite are vital for survival.1
  • Dira gore motho a nne a sa tshikinyege a ritibetse, tshegetsa setho se se lomilweng mo boemong jwa pelo, tlosa direng le dilo tse di tiileng, mme o mo ise bookelong ka bonako.

Ka gale leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Se ke kaelo e e akaretsang ya thuso ya ntlha, ga se kgakololo ya bongaka. Motheo wa thuso ya ntlha

Nna o babalesegile

  • O se ka wa ama, wa tshwara kgotsa wa tshwenya phologolo ya naga, le fa e le e nnye, le fa e lebega e robetse kgotsa e sule.
  • E fe sebaka. Fa o kopana le yone, ritibala, boela morago ka bonya mme o e tlogele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yone.
  • Fa e nngwe e go loma: ritibala, o se ka wa tshikinyega, leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso (112, 000, 911) kgotsa o ye bookelong ka bonako. Gopola gore e ne e lebega jang, setshwantsho se a thusa.

Ga e go batle. E dirisa botlhole jwa yone go tshwara dijo kgotsa go itshireletsa, mme e rata go iphitlha go feta. Go le gontsi ka go nna o babalesegile

Kae mo lefatsheng?

AforikaAsiaYuropaAmerika BokoneAmerika BorwaAustralia le Oceania

E kgolo go le kae?

E telele go le kae?

Indian saw-scaled viper e ka nna 80 cm ka boleele (2,6 ft)Katse ya ntlo e ka nna 50 cm (1,6 ft)Ntša e ka nna 1 m (3,3 ft)
boleele jo bo lekanang le dikatse tsa ntlo di le 1,5 go tloga kwa nkong go ya mogatlengboleele jo bo lekanang le dipanana di le 4 di latelanae ka taboga dimetara di le 100 ka metsotswana e le 110 (motho yo o bonako go gaisa o tlhoka 9,6)

Indian saw-scaled viper e kgolo go le kae fa e bapisiwa le WENA?

Ke dipalo fela mo sefetleng sa gago (browser). Ga go sepe se se bolokwang kgotsa se se romelwang gope.

E bonako go le kae?

go botlhokwa go itse

Dintlha

1

On average it produces about 18 mg of dry venom, with a recorded maximum of 72 mg. The lethal dose for an adult is estimated at only 5 mg.1

2

When it rains, up to 80% of the adult population may climb into bushes and trees. Once, about 20 individuals were seen massed on one cactus or small shrub.1

3

It moves mainly by sidewinding, a method it is very skilled at and surprisingly quick with. Only two points of its body touch the hot ground, which may help it avoid overheating.1

4

Its venom is used to make several drugs, including echistatin, an anticoagulant that can be made by chemical synthesis, and ecarin, used in a clotting test.1

5

In the northern parts of its range, it hibernates in winter.1

Ya baitseanape ba botlhole

Leina la saense
Echis carinatus
Setlhopha
Divaepara le dibolobolo
Lelapa
Viperidae2
Lekoko
Squamata
Dikontinente
Asia
Masea
It gives birth to live young (ovoviviparous), usually 3 to 15 per litter, each 115 to 152 mm long.1
Kotsi go batho
5 / 5: E a bolaya3

Kwa dintlha di tswang teng

  1. Echis carinatus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Echis carinatus (iNaturalist): maina le thulaganyo ya mefuta.
  3. Venom Wiki: seelo sa kotsi, bogolo jo bo tlwaelegileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kafa re di balang ka teng: Kafa re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

Ntlha nngwe le nngwe mo tsebeng e e na le nomoro e e supang motswedi wa yone. Fa re dirile phoso, maitshwarelo, re barati ba diphologolo, e seng kgatiso ya saense. Re bolelele kwa [email protected] mme re tla e baakanya.

Phepheng e tshwerwe ke tlala! Venom Wiki ke porojeke ya motho a le mongwe: ke mahala, ga e na dipapatso le ditraka. Mpho e nnye e thusa go e tshegetsa mo inthaneteng.Fepa phepheng

Tse dingwe tsa setlhopha se se tshwanang: Divaepara le dibolobolo

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E tshela gape kwa: Asia

DeathstalkerDiphephengE a bolayaIndian cobraDikobra, dimamba le dikraitE a bolayaKing cobraDikobra, dimamba le dikraitE a bolayaAsian giant hornetDinotshe, diwasepe le dihoneteE ka bolayaKomodo dragonDikgatitswane tse di tsenyang botlholeE ka bolayaSpanish flyDiphologolo tse dingwe tse di botlhole go di ama kgotsa go di jaE tlhoka ngakaO se ka wa ama
Fepa phephengnkgwana ya dimpho, e e dira mahala