Venom Wiki / Dibopiwa tsotlhe / Dikobra, dimamba le dikrait

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Indian cobra

Naja naja

Ka ga leina: The name Naja comes from the Sanskrit word nāga, meaning "cobra".1

E a bolayaNngwe ya diphologolo tse di bolayang go gaisa mo Lefatsheng. Fa e go loma, bitsa thuso ka yone nako eo.Thuso ya bonako le antivenom di pholosa batho ba bantsi. Leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso ka yone nako eo.

Dikobra, dimamba le dikrait

Go lomaE ja: Nama

Kotsi go batho: E a bolayaNngwe ya diphologolo tse di kotsi go gaisa mo lefatsheng.

The Indian cobra is a heavy-bodied venomous snake that lives across the Indian subcontinent. It is famous for the large hood it spreads when threatened. It is one of the four snakes responsible for the most snakebites in India and Sri Lanka, so knowing how to recognise it matters.1

E tshela kwa

India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and southern Nepal. Also reported in Bhutan and possibly eastern Afghanistan.1

Asia

Gae

It lives in forests, plains, farmland such as rice paddies, rocky ground, wetlands and towns and villages. It is often found near water and hides in holes, tree hollows, termite mounds and rock piles. It sometimes enters buildings in search of rats.1

Boleele

1 m go ya go 2,2 m (3,3 ft go ya go 7,2 ft)1

Lebelo le le kwa godimo

e ka nna 7,8 km/h (4,8 mph)

Mo lefatsheng, kakanyo fela

E ja eng?

It eats rodents, plovers, grebes, lizards and frogs. It bites its prey, waits while the venom disables it, and then swallows it whole.1

Setshwantsho sa Indian cobra — Indian cobra. Setshwantsho: Chayant Gonsalves. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Tsela ya go e lemoga

A relatively large hood, which it expands when threatened.1
Many individuals have a hood mark on the back of the hood: two round eye-like patterns joined by a curved line, looking like a pair of spectacles.1
Colour varies widely. The underside can be grey, yellow, tan, brown, reddish or black, and many adults have salt-and-pepper speckles on the upper scales.1
Adults in southern Pakistan are often uniformly black on top, with a light underside.1

Gantsi e tlhakanngwa le: The Oriental rat snake is often mistaken for this cobra, but it is much longer and has a more ridged-looking body. The monocled cobra has an O-shaped pattern on the back of its hood, while the Indian cobra has a spectacles-shaped pattern. The Caspian cobra can be confused with it where they share range in Pakistan and Afghanistan, but it is never fully black.1

Maatla a botlhole

Go loma

Botlhole bo tswa ka meno a yone fa e loma.

Botlhole jo e bo tsenyang bo dira eng?

Its venom mainly contains a powerful neurotoxin, which attacks the nerves, and a cardiotoxin, which harms the heart. The neurotoxin paralyses muscles, and severe bites can lead to respiratory failure (breathing failure) or cardiac arrest (the heart stopping). Symptoms may appear between 15 minutes and two hours after a bite. Early signs include severe local pain and swelling that spreads up the limb, followed by darkening and blistering of the skin, as well as headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness and drowsiness.1

E kotsi go le kae go batho?

Kotsi go batho: E a bolayaNngwe ya diphologolo tse di kotsi go gaisa mo lefatsheng.

It is responsible for many snakebites and most snakebite cases in Bangladesh. In one study, untreated bite victims had a mortality rate of about 20–30%. In another study of patients who received prompt medical treatment, the rate was 9%. The amount of venom delivered varies from bite to bite.1

Dikgang tse di molemo: dingaka di na le molemo (antivenom) kgotsa kalafi ya se.1

E dira eng fa e tshogile?

When threatened, it spreads its large hood.1

Fa e loma

Prompt medical treatment and antivenom reduce deaths from this snake's bites. Polyvalent serum, an antivenom that works against several snake species, is available for treating these bites.1
Dira gore motho a nne a sa tshikinyege a ritibetse, tlosa direng le dilo tse di tiileng, mme o mo ise bookelong ka bonako: antivenom ke yone kalafi.

Ka gale leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Se ke kaelo e e akaretsang ya thuso ya ntlha, ga se kgakololo ya bongaka. Motheo wa thuso ya ntlha

Nna o babalesegile

O se ka wa ama, wa tshwara kgotsa wa tshwenya phologolo ya naga, le fa e le e nnye, le fa e lebega e robetse kgotsa e sule.
E fe sebaka. Fa o kopana le yone, ritibala, boela morago ka bonya mme o e tlogele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yone.
Fa e nngwe e go loma: ritibala, o se ka wa tshikinyega, leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso (112, 000, 911) kgotsa o ye bookelong ka bonako. Gopola gore e ne e lebega jang, setshwantsho se a thusa.

Ga e go batle. E dirisa botlhole jwa yone go tshwara dijo kgotsa go itshireletsa, mme e rata go iphitlha go feta. Go le gontsi ka go nna o babalesegile

Kae mo lefatsheng?

Aforika Asia Yuropa Amerika Bokone Amerika Borwa Australia le Oceania

E kgolo go le kae?

E telele go le kae?

boleele jo bo lekanang le dikatse tsa ntlo di le 4 go tloga kwa nkong go ya mogatlengboleele jo bo lekanang le dipanana di le 12 di latelanae ka taboga dimetara di le 100 ka metsotswana e le 46 (motho yo o bonako go gaisa o tlhoka 9,6)

Indian cobra e kgolo go le kae fa e bapisiwa le WENA?

Ke dipalo fela mo sefetleng sa gago (browser). Ga go sepe se se bolokwang kgotsa se se romelwang gope.

E bonako go le kae?

Motho yo o tsamayang e ka nna 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

Indian cobra e ka nna 7,8 km/h (4,8 mph)

Ngwana mo baesekeleng e ka nna 12 km/h (7,5 mph)

go botlhokwa go itse

Dintlha

Its venom is used as an intoxicant in India. Snake charmers have been paid to provide bites from their snakes, and the effects include loss of consciousness, euphoria and sedation.1

Hatchlings are independent from birth and have fully working venom glands, so even young snakes can deliver venom.1

It is revered in Hindu mythology and culture, and is often seen with snake charmers.1

It is protected under the Indian Wildlife Protection Act (1972).1

Ya baitseanape ba botlhole

Leina la saense: Naja naja
Setlhopha: Dikobra, dimamba le dikrait
Lelapa: Elapidae2
Lekoko: Squamata
Dikontinente: Asia
Masea: It lays eggs, usually 10 to 30 in rat holes or termite mounds between April and July. The eggs hatch after 48 to 69 days.1
Kotsi go batho: 5 / 5: E a bolaya3

Kwa dintlha di tswang teng

Indian cobra (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Naja naja (iNaturalist): maina le thulaganyo ya mefuta.
Venom Wiki: seelo sa kotsi, bogolo jo bo tlwaelegileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kafa re di balang ka teng: Kafa re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

Ntlha nngwe le nngwe mo tsebeng e e na le nomoro e e supang motswedi wa yone. Fa re dirile phoso, maitshwarelo, re barati ba diphologolo, e seng kgatiso ya saense. Re bolelele kwa [email protected] mme re tla e baakanya.

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