Venom Wiki / Dibopiwa tsotlhe / Divaepara le dibolobolo

Nom. 0323 ya 1 402

Rhinoceros viper

Bitis nasicornis

Ka ga leina: The common name refers to the horn-like scales on the end of its nose.1

E ka bolayaE ka go bolaya fa o sa alafiwe. Fa e go loma, batla thuso ka bonako.

Divaepara le dibolobolo

Go lomaE ja: Nama

Kotsi go batho: E kotsi thataE ka bolaya motho yo o sa alafiweng.

The rhinoceros viper is a large, stout snake with bright colours and two or three horn-like scales on its nose. It lives in forests across West and Central Africa. It is venomous, and its venom is mainly hemotoxic, meaning it attacks the blood and circulation.1

E tshela kwa

Forests of West and Central Africa, from Guinea and Liberia to Ghana, and from Central African Republic to Uganda and western Kenya1

Aforika

Gae

It mainly lives in forested areas and rarely goes into woodland. It hides by day in leaf litter, holes, around fallen trees or tangled tree roots. It is mainly on the ground but can climb into trees and thickets up to 3 m high, and is sometimes found in shallow pools.1

Boleele

72 cm go ya go 1,1 m (2,4 ft go ya go 3,5 ft)1

Lebelo le le kwa godimo

e ka nna 3,6 km/h (2,2 mph)

Mo lefatsheng, kakanyo fela

E ja eng?

It mainly eats small mammals, and in wetland habitats it also takes toads, frogs and fish. It hunts by ambush, often staying still for long periods while waiting for prey to pass by.1

Setshwantsho sa Rhinoceros viper — Rhinoceros viper. Setshwantsho: Holger Krisp. CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Tsela ya go e lemoga

Large and stout, with rough, heavily keeled scales1
Two or three horn-like scales on the end of the nose, the front pair often long1
Series of blue or blue-green oblong markings, each with a lemon-yellow line down the centre, set within black blotches1
Dark crimson triangles down the flanks, bordered with green or blue1
Top of the head blue or green, with a black arrow mark1

Gantsi e tlhakanngwa le: The name horned puff adder is also used for Bitis caudalis (horned adder), which is a different species. Because of this, names can cause confusion, so the name butterfly viper is preferred.1

Maatla a botlhole

Go loma

Botlhole bo tswa ka meno a yone fa e loma.

Botlhole jo e bo tsenyang bo dira eng?

Its venom is mainly hemotoxic, which attacks the circulatory system, destroying tissue and blood vessels and causing internal bleeding. It also has a neurotoxic component, which attacks the nerves. Small doses of the venom can be deadly. In the few detailed reports of human bites, massive swelling was described, which may lead to necrosis (death of tissue).1

E kotsi go le kae go batho?

Kotsi go batho: E kotsi thataE ka bolaya motho yo o sa alafiweng.

Because its range is restricted, few bites have been reported and no statistics are available. In 2003 a man in Dayton, Ohio, who kept one as a pet, was bitten and died.1

Dikgang tse di molemo: dingaka di na le molemo (antivenom) kgotsa kalafi ya se.1

E dira eng fa e tshogile?

When approached it often reveals its presence with a very loud hiss, almost a shriek, and it can strike quickly forwards or sideways without coiling first or giving a warning.1

Fa e loma

Dira gore motho a nne a sa tshikinyege a ritibetse, tshegetsa setho se se lomilweng mo boemong jwa pelo, tlosa direng le dilo tse di tiileng, mme o mo ise bookelong ka bonako.

Ka gale leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Se ke kaelo e e akaretsang ya thuso ya ntlha, ga se kgakololo ya bongaka. Motheo wa thuso ya ntlha

Nna o babalesegile

O se ka wa ama, wa tshwara kgotsa wa tshwenya phologolo ya naga, le fa e le e nnye, le fa e lebega e robetse kgotsa e sule.
E fe sebaka. Fa o kopana le yone, ritibala, boela morago ka bonya mme o e tlogele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yone.
Fa e nngwe e go loma: ritibala, o se ka wa tshikinyega, leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso (112, 000, 911) kgotsa o ye bookelong ka bonako. Gopola gore e ne e lebega jang, setshwantsho se a thusa.

Ga e go batle. E dirisa botlhole jwa yone go tshwara dijo kgotsa go itshireletsa, mme e rata go iphitlha go feta. Go le gontsi ka go nna o babalesegile

Kae mo lefatsheng?

Aforika Asia Yuropa Amerika Bokone Amerika Borwa Australia le Oceania

E kgolo go le kae?

E telele go le kae?

boleele jo bo lekanang le dikatse tsa ntlo di le 2 go tloga kwa nkong go ya mogatlengboleele jo bo lekanang le dipanana di le 6 di latelanae ka taboga dimetara di le 100 ka metsotswana e le 100 (motho yo o bonako go gaisa o tlhoka 9,6)

Rhinoceros viper e kgolo go le kae fa e bapisiwa le WENA?

Ke dipalo fela mo sefetleng sa gago (browser). Ga go sepe se se bolokwang kgotsa se se romelwang gope.

E bonako go le kae?

Khudu e ka nna 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Rhinoceros viper e ka nna 3,6 km/h (2,2 mph)

Motho yo o tsamayang e ka nna 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

go botlhokwa go itse

Dintlha

Its scales are so rough that they can cut people who handle a snake that is struggling.1

Its vivid colours break up its outline in the dappled light of the forest floor, so it is very hard to see.1

Its fangs are not large, rarely more than 1.5 cm long, and when not in use they fold up into the roof of its mouth.1

Its bright colours fade quickly after it sheds its skin, as silt from its moist habitat builds up on its rough scales.1

At least one antivenom, called India Antiserum Africa Polyvalent, protects specifically against bites from this species.1

Mosenyi wa ditlhamane

Tlhamane: Its bright colours make it easy to spot in the forest.

Nnete: Its colours give it excellent camouflage in the dappled light of the forest floor, which can make it almost invisible.1

Ya baitseanape ba botlhole

Leina la saense: Bitis nasicornis
Setlhopha: Divaepara le dibolobolo
Lelapa: Viperidae2
Lekoko: Squamata
Dikontinente: Aforika
Masea: It gives birth to live young, between six and 38 in West Africa, in March and April at the start of the rainy season.1
Kotsi go batho: 4 / 5: E kotsi thata3

Kwa dintlha di tswang teng

Bitis nasicornis (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Bitis nasicornis (iNaturalist): maina le thulaganyo ya mefuta.
Venom Wiki: seelo sa kotsi, bogolo jo bo tlwaelegileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kafa re di balang ka teng: Kafa re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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