第 0427 號，共 1 402 號

Blotched palm pitviper

Bothriechis supraciliaris

需要看醫生很少致命，但被咬了需要看醫生。

咬吃：肉

The blotched eyelash-pitviper is a venomous snake that lives in the mountain forests of southern Costa Rica and western Panama. It spends much of its time in trees and is active mainly at dusk or at night. Its bite can cause serious bleeding and muscle damage, so it is important to recognise it and keep well away.1

分布在

Southern Costa Rica (between San Isidro and San Vito) and western Panama, in the Talamanca Mountains1

北美洲

首頁

It lives in the trees of evergreen lower-montane forests and cloud forests. It also lives in clearings with coffee and banana plantations, at the edges of farm fields, and in rural gardens.1

長度

50 cm 到 80 cm (1,6 ft 到 2,6 ft)1

最高速度

大約 3,4 km/h（2,1 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It eats frogs, including Fitzinger's robber frog, and small rodents that live on the forest floor.1

Blotched palm pitviper 的照片 — Blotched palm pitviper。照片：Alejandro Arteaga, R. Alexander Pyron, Abel Batista, Jose Vieira, Elson Meneses Pelayo, Eric N. Smith, César L. Barrio Amorós, Claudia Koch, Stefanie Agne, Jorg。 CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Usually bright green or moss-green, though it can also be bluish-green, reddish-brown or reddish-maroon.1
Irregular dark blotches run along the back, and these sometimes join to form crossbands.1
The belly is light in colour.1
The head has dark stripes and prominent scales above the eyes, which give it the name eyelash-pitviper.1
Usually 50–60 cm long including the tail, and can reach 80 cm.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its venom has a potent haemorrhagic action, which damages blood vessels and causes bleeding. It also has moderate myotoxicity, which destroys muscle tissue, and a very weak procoagulant effect, which can slightly speed up clotting.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重被咬了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

好消息：醫生有藥（抗毒血清）或治療方法。1

如果牠咬人

讓傷者保持不動和冷靜，讓被咬的手臂或腿保持在和心臟一樣的高度，取下戒指和緊身的東西，並趕快送醫院。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 1,5 隻家貓從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 4 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 110 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Blotched palm pitviper 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Blotched palm pitviper 大約 3,4 km/h (2,1 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Unlike most other Bothriechis species, it spends more time on the ground, and it may rest on the ground or at the base of trees and shrubs during the day.1

Its venom has an estimated LD50 of 6.04 mg/kg. LD50 is the dose that is expected to kill half of a test group, so a lower number means a more toxic venom.1

An antivenom made in horses, using venoms from Bothrops asper, Crotalus simus and another snake species, has been reported to neutralise its venom in tests.1

Females are longer and thicker than males, and this is the only difference between the sexes that has been noted.1