第 0832 號，共 1 402 號

Arizona bark scorpion

Centruroides sculpturatus

需要看醫生很少致命，但被螫了需要看醫生。

螫吃：肉

The Arizona bark scorpion is a small, light brown scorpion. It lives in the Sonoran Desert of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. It is the most venomous scorpion in the United States, so it is important to know what it looks like and what to do after a sting.1

分布在

Southwestern United States (southern California, Arizona, southern Nevada, south-west Utah, western New Mexico) and northern Mexico (Baja California, Sonora, Chihuahua)1

北美洲

首頁

It is active at night and hides during the day, usually under rocks, wood piles or tree bark. It often gets into homes through gaps only 1/16 of an inch wide, and it prefers damp areas such as riverside groves and irrigated lawns.1

長度

8 cm (3,1 in)1

最高速度

大約 1,6 km/h（0,99 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It preys on small and medium-sized animals, including beetles, spiders, crickets, cockroaches, other insects and other scorpions.1

Arizona bark scorpion 的照片 — Arizona bark scorpion。照片：Andrew Meeds。 CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Small and light brown, tan or light beige in colour1
Adults are up to 8 cm long (males) or up to 7 cm long (females)1
Glows (fluoresces) under a blacklight, so it can be spotted at night from about six feet away with a UV flashlight1
Can climb walls, trees and other rough surfaces, and often sits on the underside of objects1

毒液力量

螫

毒液從螫針出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

The venom causes severe pain in adults, along with numbness, tingling and vomiting. These symptoms typically last between 24 and 72 hours. The stung area may stop working for a time, so a hand or arm can be temporarily immobilised or have convulsions. Some victims also feel short breaths and electrical jolts.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重被螫了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

Two deaths have been recorded in Arizona since 1968. Thousands of people are estimated to be stung each year in Arizona and New Mexico. Young children are at particular risk of severe symptoms.1

好消息：醫生有藥（抗毒血清）或治療方法。1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

It will not seek out humans unless it is provoked or defending its young.1

如果牠螫人

Clean the sting site with soap and water, then apply a cool compress. You can take acetaminophen (paracetamol) or ibuprofen for pain and swelling. Get medical attention straight away if severe symptoms occur, especially in young children.1
用冰敷袋冰敷螫傷處，讓傷者保持不動。趕快就醫，特別是小朋友：有些蠍子對小孩是致命的。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠螫了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 2,5 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長可以在 220 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Arizona bark scorpion 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Arizona bark scorpion 大約 1,6 km/h (0,99 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Scorpions, including this species, were found near ground zero during American nuclear tests, with no recorded harmful effects.1

Its venom has little effect on grasshopper mice, which scientists found use the toxin as a pain reducer rather than a pain trigger.1

It is the only scorpion genus in the Southwest that can climb rough walls and trees.1

Layers of wax on its outer shell help it resist water loss in the desert.1

Newly moulted scorpions do not glow under UV light for a few days.1

Young scorpions are gently guided onto their mother's back, where they stay after birth.1

破解迷思

迷思： Scorpions go looking for people to sting them.

真相： They will not seek out humans unless they are provoked or defending their young. Many stings happen when people touch a scorpion on the underside of an object, where it is hiding.1

給毒液專家

學名: Centruroides sculpturatus
類群: 蠍子
家人: Buthidae2
排序: Scorpiones
各大洲: 北美洲
寶寶: The young are born live, usually 25 to 35 at a time, and ride on their mother's back until their first moult.1
壽命: 大約 6 年1
對人的危險: 3 / 5: 嚴重3