第 0439 號，共 1 402 號

Mexican jumping pitviper

Metlapilcoatlus nummifer

需要看醫生很少致命，但被咬了需要看醫生。

咬

The Mexican jumping pit viper is a short, stout snake with a patterned body of dark blotches. It lives only in eastern Mexico, mostly in forests and lowlands. It is a pit viper, a group of snakes that includes many venomous species.1

分布在

Eastern Mexico, from San Luis Potosí south-eastward on the Atlantic side and lowlands1

北美洲

首頁

It lives in many kinds of forest, including cloud forest and rain forest, at altitudes of 40 to 1,600 metres (130 to 5,250 feet).1

長度

46 cm 到 61 cm (1,5 ft 到 2 ft)1

最高速度

大約 3,4 km/h（2,1 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

Mexican jumping pitviper 的照片 — Mexican jumping pitviper。照片：Kristof Zyskowski。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Adults are short and very stout, usually 46 to 61 cm in total length.1
The body is tan, light brown or grey, with about 20 dark brown or black diamond-shaped (rhomboid) blotches along the back.1
The lower tips of the blotches often join spots on the sides to form narrow crossbands.1
The top of the head is dark, with dark stripes running back from the eyes, and the side of the head is lighter.1
The belly is whitish, sometimes with dark brown blotches.1

常被誤認為： Young bushmasters (Lachesis muta) have been mistaken for this snake. The Mexican jumping pit viper can be told apart because it lacks the specialised tail tip of the bushmaster.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重被咬了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

如果牠咬人

讓傷者保持不動和冷靜，讓被咬的手臂或腿保持在和心臟一樣的高度，取下戒指和緊身的東西，並趕快送醫院。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 3 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 110 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Mexican jumping pitviper 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Mexican jumping pitviper 大約 3,4 km/h (2,1 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Its body is covered with strongly keeled scales, which have a raised ridge along the middle; in large individuals the scales are tubercular, meaning they have small bumps.1

The species has been known from cloud forest as well as rain forest, which makes it one of the more varied habitats for a pit viper in this region.1

破解迷思

迷思： It is a young bushmaster.

真相： It is a separate species. It has been mistaken for young bushmasters, but it lacks the bushmaster's specialised tail tip.1

給毒液專家

學名: Metlapilcoatlus nummifer
類群: 蝮蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
各大洲: 北美洲
牠在野外的狀況: Least Concern (IUCN Red List, assessed March 2007, marked as needing updating); classed as threatened by the government of Mexico1
對人的危險: 3 / 5: 嚴重3