第 0267 號，共 1 402 號

Olive sea snake

Aipysurus laevis

名字的由來： Aipysurus comes from Greek words meaning 'high tail', and laevis is Latin for 'smooth'.1

可能致命不治療的話可能會害死你。如果牠咬了你，要趕快求救。

海蛇

咬吃：肉

對人的危險: 非常危險如果沒有治療，牠可能會害死一個人。

The olive sea snake is a venomous sea snake that lives on coral reefs across the Indo-Pacific, including the Great Barrier Reef. It swims with a paddle-like tail and can grow up to about a metre long. Prawn trawl nets are one of its biggest threats.1

分布在

Tropical eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean, from Indonesia to New Caledonia1

印度洋, 太平洋, 珊瑚海, 帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海

首頁

It lives on coral reefs, including the Great Barrier Reef. When it is not hunting or coming up to breathe, it hides in small coves or among protective coral.1

長度

2 m (6,6 ft)1

最高速度

大約 4,5 km/h（2,8 mph）

游泳, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It eats crustaceans such as crabs and prawns, fish, and fish eggs. It hunts in coral reef areas by poking its head into crevices.1

Olive sea snake 的照片 — Olive sea snake。照片：Richard Ling。 CC BY-SA 2.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Brownish and purple scales run along the top of the body.1
The underside is white.1
It has a paddle-like tail for swimming.1
It can grow up to one metre long, and in some cases up to two metres.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its venom is rich in enzymes that break down prey inside the body, which simplifies digestion. The venom also affects both the muscles and nerves of the prey, and it is used to incapacitate the prey.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 非常危險如果沒有治療，牠可能會害死一個人。

It can be aggressive towards prey, but attacks on divers or larger animals are rare. If provoked, it will fight back against the attacker.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

If provoked, it will engage the attacker, and during the day it hides inside coral holes.1

如果牠咬人

加壓固定法：用彈性繃帶緊緊包住咬傷處，再往上包住整條手臂或腿，用夾板固定，並讓傷者完全不動，直到救援抵達。
把傷者帶離水中，趕快送醫院。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲太平洋印度洋珊瑚海帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 4 隻家貓從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 11 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 40 秒內游完一座大游泳池（50 公尺）

Olive sea snake 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一個正在游泳的人 大約 3 km/h (1,9 mph)

Olive sea snake 大約 4,5 km/h (2,8 mph)

奧運游泳選手 大約 8 km/h (5 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Its tail has light-sensitive cells in the skin, which help it detect light and stay fully hidden inside coral holes during the day.1

Males sometimes approach divers, possibly because they mistake the divers for female sea snakes.1

Prawn trawls are one of its greatest threats, and up to 50% of olive sea snakes caught in trawls are killed.1

Males can reach sexual maturity in their third year, while females do not mature until their fourth or fifth year.1

破解迷思

迷思： Sea snakes regularly attack divers.

真相： Attacks on divers are rare. Males that approach divers are likely mistaking them for females.1

給毒液專家

學名: Aipysurus laevis
類群: 海蛇
家人: Elapidae2
排序: Squamata
各大洲: 印度洋, 太平洋, 珊瑚海, 帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海, 海洋
寶寶: It gives birth to live young, with up to five at a time and, in rare cases, ten or eleven. Gestation lasts about nine months.1
壽命: 大約 15 年1
對人的危險: 4 / 5: 非常危險3