第 0433 號，共 1 402 號

Slender hognosed pitviper

Porthidium ophryomegas

需要看醫生很少致命，但被咬了需要看醫生。

咬吃：肉

The slender hognosed pitviper is a venomous snake from Central America. It lives in seasonally dry forests and usually grows to between 40 and 60 cm long. It strikes hard when threatened, and one death from its bite has been confirmed.1

分布在

Central America: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica1

北美洲

首頁

It lives in seasonally dry forests, including tropical dry forests, arid forests, subtropical dry forests, and the drier parts of tropical moist forests.1

長度

40 cm 到 60 cm (1,3 ft 到 2 ft)1

最高速度

大約 3,3 km/h（2,1 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It eats rodents and lizards. Juveniles feed mostly on lizards, and also on small frogs when they are available.1

Slender hognosed pitviper 的照片 — Slender hognosed pitviper。照片：Goodshort。 CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Slender build.1
Ground colour is tan, brown, grey or greyish-brown.1
A narrow white, yellow or rust-brown stripe runs along the middle of the back.1
It has 24 to 40 dark brown to almost black blotches. Each has thin white borders and sits across or alternates along the back stripe.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

This is a venomous pitviper. It is quick to strike, and several cases of serious envenomation have needed hospitalisation.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重被咬了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

One death was confirmed in August 2022. In a 1979 study of 477 snakebite cases in Costa Rica, three were caused by this snake.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

When threatened, it defends itself vigorously, striking with such force that its body is thrown forwards or even leaves the ground.1

如果牠咬人

讓傷者保持不動和冷靜，讓被咬的手臂或腿保持在和心臟一樣的高度，取下戒指和緊身的東西，並趕快送醫院。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 3 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 110 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Slender hognosed pitviper 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Slender hognosed pitviper 大約 3,3 km/h (2,1 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

The young are born live, at about 15 cm long.1

Females grow larger than males. Females are often over 60 cm long, while males are usually about 45 cm.1

One exceptional female was reported to measure 77 cm, the longest recorded for this species.1

給毒液專家

學名: Porthidium ophryomegas
類群: 蝮蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
各大洲: 北美洲
寶寶: It gives birth to live young rather than laying eggs. The young are about 15 cm long.1
對人的危險: 3 / 5: 嚴重3