第 0599 號，共 1 402 號

Sonoran lyre snake

Trimorphodon lambda

名字的由來： Its species name, lambda, refers to the chevron-shaped mark on its head, which looks like the Greek capital letter lambda (Λ).1

無害對人無害。不用擔心。

後毒牙蛇

咬吃：肉

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

The Sonoran lyre snake is a slender, medium to large snake with a distinctive V-shaped mark on top of its head. It lives among rocks in the American Southwest and northwestern Mexico. It is a rear-fanged snake, so its fangs sit at the back of its mouth.1

分布在

Arizona, southern Nevada, southwestern Utah, southern New Mexico, extreme southeastern California, Sonora and northwestern Chihuahua in Mexico1

北美洲

首頁

It is strongly linked to rocky places, such as rocky canyons, hillsides and dry stream beds called arroyos, up to about 2,250 m. It is highly secretive and usually shelters deep in rock crevices or under large boulders. It can also climb steep rock faces and sometimes trees or shrubs.1

長度

23 cm 到 88 cm (9,1 in 到 2,9 ft)1

最高速度

大約 5,1 km/h（3,2 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It mainly eats lizards, which it hunts actively among rocks and crevices. It also eats small mammals such as mice and bats, nestling birds and occasionally other small snakes. It is mostly active at night.1

Sonoran lyre snake 的照片 — Sonoran lyre snake。照片：clurarit。 CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

A V-shaped or lyre-like mark on the top of the head, which gives it its name1
Pale grey, tan or light brown ground colour1
18 to 31 dark brown saddles or blotches along the back, with pale edges1
A dark bar across the snout between the eyes1
A broad, flat head that is clearly wider than its slim neck, with large eyes that have vertical pupils1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

It is a rear-fanged (opisthoglyphous) snake, meaning its fangs are at the back of the mouth. Its venom is relatively mild and is adapted to subdue small, fast lizards and mammals. Because the fangs are at the back, it usually has to chew on its target to inject enough venom.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

The venom is generally considered harmless to people. A bite may cause mild pain and swelling around the bite, but it is not medically significant.1

如果牠咬人

清洗咬傷處，讓傷者保持冷靜，並且就醫。有些種類（例如非洲樹蛇）可能在幾個小時後才致命。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 2 隻家貓從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 5 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 71 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Sonoran lyre snake 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

Sonoran lyre snake 大約 5,1 km/h (3,2 mph)

騎腳踏車的小朋友 大約 12 km/h (7,5 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Its front teeth are long and curved, its middle teeth are shorter, and its rear fangs are long and grooved.1

Its genus name, Trimorphodon, means 'three-shaped teeth', because it has three kinds of teeth in its upper jaw.1

Although it is mostly a rock dweller, it can climb steep cliffs and sometimes trees or shrubs.1

給毒液專家

學名: Trimorphodon lambda
類群: 後毒牙蛇
家人: Colubridae2
排序: Squamata
各大洲: 北美洲
寶寶: It lays eggs. A female lays a clutch of 7 to 20 eggs in summer, and the young hatch in late summer to early fall.1
牠在野外的狀況: Least Concern (IUCN Red List)1
對人的危險: 1 / 5: 輕微3