第 0586 號，共 1 402 號

Southern hognose snake

Heterodon simus

名字的由來： The name refers to the upturned snout, which looks a little like a pig's nose.1

無害對人無害。不用擔心。

後毒牙蛇

咬吃：肉

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

The southern hognose snake is a stout, harmless snake with a sharply upturned nose. It lives on the coastal plain of the southeastern United States, where it hunts toads and other small animals.1

分布在

Coastal plain of the southeastern United States, from North Carolina south to Lake Okeechobee in Florida and west to Mississippi1

北美洲

首頁

It lives in dry grasslands such as longleaf pine sandhill, upland pine forest and scrubby flatwoods. In some areas it also lives in overgrown pastures, dry river floodplains, fields and pine plantations.1

長度

36 cm 到 61 cm (1,2 ft 到 2 ft)1

最高速度

大約 4,6 km/h（2,9 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It mainly eats spadefoot toads and true toads. It also eats salamanders, other frogs, lizards and small mammals, and rarely large invertebrates.1

Southern hognose snake 的照片 — Southern hognose snake。照片：Caudatejake。 CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

A stout body with a wide neck and a sharply upturned snout1
A light brown, yellowish, grey or reddish base colour with a distinct row of dark blotches along the back1
Smaller dark blotches alternate with the main blotches along the sides1
About 25 rows of keeled (ridged) scales around the middle of the body1
Young snakes have a belly that is clearly darker than the underside of the tail. As they age, the underside usually turns pale white1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

It is described as harmless to people.1

如果牠咬人

清洗咬傷處，讓傷者保持冷靜，並且就醫。有些種類（例如非洲樹蛇）可能在幾個小時後才致命。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 3 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 78 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Southern hognose snake 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Southern hognose snake 大約 4,6 km/h (2,9 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Toads make up most of its diet, which sets it apart from many snakes that mainly eat other animals.1

Hatchlings are already 15 to 18 cm long, which is a large size for a newborn snake.1

Its upturned snout is an adaptation that gives the species its common name.1

The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources lists it as possibly extirpated (locally extinct) in that state.1

It is classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, meaning it faces a high risk of extinction in the wild.1

給毒液專家

學名: Heterodon simus
類群: 後毒牙蛇
家人: Colubridae2
排序: Squamata
各大洲: 北美洲
寶寶: It lays eggs. Clutches contain 6 to 14 thin-shelled, leathery, whitish eggs, which hatch after 55 to 60 days.1
牠在野外的狀況: Vulnerable (IUCN Red List, assessed 2007)1
對人的危險: 1 / 5: 輕微3