第 0029 号，共 1 402 张

Ashe's spitting cobra

Naja ashei

名字的由来： The species is named after James Ashe, who founded the Bio-Ken Snake Farm and was one of the first experts to suggest it was a new species. The genus name Naja comes from a Sanskrit word meaning serpent.1

可致命不治疗可能会要你的命。如果它咬了你或朝你眼睛吐毒液，赶快求助。

眼镜蛇、曼巴蛇和环蛇

会喷或会吐

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

Ashe's spitting cobra is a large venomous snake from eastern and northeastern Africa. It is the largest of all the spitting cobras, and it can spray venom from a distance as well as bite. Its venom can cause blindness if it gets into the eyes and not treated at once.1

生活在

Eastern and northeastern Africa: northern and eastern Kenya, northeastern Uganda, southern Ethiopia and southern Somalia1

非洲

首页

It lives in the dry lowlands of northern and eastern Kenya, and in similar dry places in neighbouring countries. On the Kenyan coast, adults over 2 m long are not uncommon.1

长度

1.3 m到2.7 m (4.3 ft到8.9 ft)1

最高速度

约 8.7 公里/小时（5.4 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

Ashe's spitting cobra的照片 — Ashe's spitting cobra。照片：unknown。 CC0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Very heavily built, with a big head1
Colour ranges from light grey and pale mustard to dark brown1
Pale along the belly, sometimes with slight speckling or blotches1
A dark brown band across the throat1
Average length about 1.3 to 2.0 m including the tail, making it the largest spitting cobra1

常被误认为： It was once thought to be a brown form of the black-necked spitting cobra. It was classed as a separate species in 2007.1

毒液之力

会喷或会吐

它会向攻击者喷射刺激性液体。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom is neurotoxic, meaning it attacks the nerves, and cytotoxic, meaning it destroys cells. It is very similar to the venom of other spitting cobras, but it can inject a much larger volume in one bite. Its venom also causes strong tissue death around a wound.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

The venom has low whole-body toxicity, so survival is very likely with proper treatment. Survivors may be left disfigured by tissue damage. If venom gets into the eyes and is not treated immediately, blindness is likely. Even with antivenom, amputation may be needed after a full dose from a large specimen.1

好消息：医生有药（抗毒血清）或治疗方法。1

它害怕时会做什么？

It is very defensive and does not hesitate to spit when it feels cornered. It can keep spitting for hours without running out of venom straight away.1

如果它咬人或吐毒液

If venom gets into the eyes, rinse them straight away with water or another bland liquid, as delay can cause permanent blindness. Whether the person has been bitten or spat at, they should see a doctor as soon as possible. Treatment is the appropriate antivenom, SAVP polyvalent from South African Vaccine Producers, and the dose may need to be higher than for the average black-necked spitting cobra bite.1
让人保持安静不动，摘下戒指和紧身物品，尽快送医院：抗毒血清是治疗方法。
如果毒液被喷进眼睛，立刻用大量清水冲洗。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础