第 0326 号，共 1 402 张

Berg adder

Bitis atropos

名字的由来： The name atropos comes from Atropos, one of the Three Fates in Greek myth, the one who cut the thread of life.1

需要看医生很少致命，但被咬了要去看医生。

蝰蛇

咬伤吃：肉

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The berg adder is a viper that lives only in the mountains of southern Africa. It is found in scattered groups, from South Africa up to Mozambique. Its venom mainly attacks the nerves, which sets it apart from most of its close relatives.1

生活在

Mountainous regions of southern Africa: South Africa, Lesotho, Eswatini, eastern Zimbabwe and Mozambique1

非洲

首页

It prefers cool places with high rainfall. In the north of its range it is found at higher elevations, while in the south it lives in coastal and mountain heathland, rocky hillsides, grassland with bushes, and small rock outcrops at sea level.1

长度

30 cm到50 cm (1 ft到1.6 ft)1

最高速度

约 3.2 公里/小时（2 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

Its main prey is rock lizards and small amphibians. It also eats small rodents and the young of ground-nesting birds.1

Berg adder的照片 — Berg adder。照片：Dave U。 CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Adults are typically 30 to 40 cm long, from head to tail tip.1
Some females grow to 50 cm in the wild.1
When disturbed, it hisses loudly and twists its body in convulsive movements.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom is mainly neurotoxic, meaning it attacks the nerves. Necrosis (tissue death) or infection seldom follows a bite. Symptoms can start quickly and have been compared to alcohol intoxication, and they are not usually permanent. Possible signs include loss of smell or taste, drooping eyelids and loss of vision.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The venom is not strong enough for a single bite to kill an adult human, and no human deaths have been recorded. However, bites can be troublesome, and their effects sometimes last for days or even weeks.1

它害怕时会做什么？

When disturbed, it hisses violently and twists its body convulsively.1

如果它咬人

Antivenom does not seem to help people bitten by this snake, so treatment should focus on relieving the symptoms.1
让人保持安静不动，被咬的肢体与心脏保持同一高度，摘下戒指和紧身物品，尽快送医院。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 3 根香蕉首尾相接一样长和 16 块玩具积木排成一排一样长110 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Berg adder和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

Berg adder 约 3.2 公里/小时 (2 mph)

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

值得了解

事实

Unlike most Bitis species, its venom is mainly neurotoxic, so the bite rarely causes tissue death.1

Its scientific name comes from Atropos, the Greek goddess who cut the thread of life.1

In the north of its range it lives at elevations of up to 3,000 m, but in eastern Zimbabwe it is not found below 1,500 m.1

A newborn is about 13 cm long, which is roughly a third of the length of an adult.1

给毒液专家

学名: Bitis atropos
类别: 蝰蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 非洲
宝宝: It gives birth to live young in late summer. The average litter is seven, and up to 15 have been recorded. Each newborn is about 13 cm long.1
对人的危险: 3 / 5: 严重3