第 1006 号，共 1 402 张

Jack jumper ant

Myrmecia pilosula

名字的由来： The specific name pilosula comes from the Latin word pilosa, meaning 'covered with soft hair'. The common name 'jack jumper' comes from its jumping motion.1

需要看医生很少致命，但被蜇了要去看医生。

蚂蚁

蜇伤吃：昆虫

对人的危险: 严重被蜇了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The jack jumper ant is a venomous ant native to Australia. It is most common in Tasmania and south-east mainland Australia, and it is known for jumping long distances when it is disturbed. Its sting is usually mild, but it is one of the few ants that can be dangerous to people.1

生活在

Australia, mostly Tasmania and south-east mainland; widespread in most of Australia; not verified in the Northern Territory1

澳大利亚和大洋洲

首页

Jack jumper ants live in open places such as gardens, lawns, pastures, woodlands and dry open forests, usually on fine gravel and sandy soil. In suburbs they build nests in rockeries, cracks in concrete walls and grass, and they are less common in urban areas.1

长度

1.1 cm到1.6 cm (0.4 in到0.6 in)1

最高速度

约 0.19 公里/小时（0.12 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

Jack jumper ants prey on small insects. They kill other insects by injecting venom through a barbless stinger. Their food also includes nectar.1

Jack jumper ant的照片 — Jack jumper ant。照片：Tony Eales。 CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Black or blackish-red body, sometimes with yellow or orange legs1
Antennae, lower legs and mandibles (jaws) are yellow or orange1
Workers are medium-sized, about 12 to 14 mm long1
Grey, short hair on the body, longer on the back part of the abdomen1
Leaps about 51 to 76 mm when disturbed, and forms mounds of gravel and soil as nests1

常被误认为： Other Myrmecia ants, such as M. nigrocincta, also jump when disturbed, so jumping alone does not identify this species.1

毒液之力

蜇伤

毒液通过蜇刺出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

The venom is unusually likely to cause allergy for an insect venom. In most people a sting causes only a mild reaction at the site. In people who are allergic, it can cause anaphylaxis, a severe whole-body reaction with a faster heart rate and falling blood pressure.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被蜇了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

Most stings cause only a mild local reaction, but the jack jumper is one of the few ants that can be dangerous to humans. The venom causes about 90% of ant allergies in Australia. In areas where it lives, up to 3% of people may be allergic, and about half of those can have anaphylaxis, which rarely leads to death. Between 1980 and 2000, four people died from anaphylaxis caused by jack jumper stings, all in Tasmania.1

它害怕时会做什么？

When disturbed, they become aggressive towards humans, and they can see and follow an intruder from about 1 m away.1

如果它蜇人

For people prone to severe allergic reactions, the treatment is allergen immunotherapy, also called desensitisation.1
清洗并冷敷蜇伤处。
如果这个人呼吸困难、脸或喉咙肿胀，或感觉要晕倒，这是过敏急症：拨打急救电话。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础