第 0635 号，共 1 402 张

Katipo

Latrodectus katipo

名字的由来： The name is Māori for "night stinger", from the words kakati (to sting) and pō (the night).1

需要看医生很少致命，但被咬了要去看医生。

蜘蛛

咬伤吃：昆虫

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The katipō is a cobweb spider found only in New Zealand, where it lives in coastal sand dunes. It is closely related to the Australian redback spider. Its bite is venomous to people, but bites are rare.1

生活在

Only in New Zealand, along most coastal areas except the far south and the West Coast1

澳大利亚和大洋洲

首页

Katipō live only in coastal sand dunes close to the sea, usually on the landward side of the dunes where they are sheltered from storms. Webs are built in low dune plants such as pīngao and marram grass, or under driftwood, stones and other debris, including rubbish.1

长度

1 cm (0.4 in)1

最高速度

约 0.86 公里/小时（0.53 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

Katipō feed mainly on ground-dwelling insects. They catch them in an irregular, tangled web spun close to the ground over open sand, among dune plants or under debris.1

Katipo的照片 — Katipo。照片：Mark Anderson。 CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Adult females have a body length of 8–10 mm (about 0.3–0.4 in).1
The red katipō, found in the South Island and lower North Island, has a large black, shiny abdomen with a white-bordered orange or red stripe on top, and a red hourglass-shaped marking underneath.1
The black katipō, found in the upper North Island, has no upper red or orange stripe and is somewhat lighter in colour.1
Males are 4–5 mm long, white with black stripes and red hourglass-shaped markings.1

常被误认为： Steatoda species, which share the same habitat, are very similar and are called "false katipō" in New Zealand. The katipō has a less shiny, more tapered abdomen, and its side eyes are further apart. It is also similar to the redback, but the katipō has only short hair-like spines on its abdomen, while the redback has a mix of long and short ones.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

The bite can cause latrodectism, a toxic syndrome that affects the nerves and body. Symptoms include extreme pain and, potentially, high blood pressure (hypertension) or seizures.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

Katipō are venomous to humans, but bites are described as rare. Serious symptoms are possible, including extreme pain, high blood pressure and seizures.1

好消息：医生有药（抗毒血清）或治疗方法。1

如果它咬人

清洗咬伤处，用冰袋冷敷止痛。如果疼得厉害、疼痛扩散或感到不适，就去看医生。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

小到能坐在你的指甲上

Katipo和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

Katipo 约 0.86 公里/小时 (0.53 mph)

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

值得了解

事实

In one 24-hour study of young spiders, 28% left the web by ballooning, carried by air currents.1

Katipō is one of the few Māori words that refers to a specific species of spider.1

The female does not usually eat the male after mating, unlike some other widow spiders.1

Females cover their egg sacs with silk and sand, which partly hides them in the web.1

The katipō is found only in New Zealand.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： The katipō is just a form of the redback spider.

真相： The katipō is genetically and physically distinct from the redback, even though the two are closely related. It was once thought to be a subspecies of the redback.1

给毒液专家

学名: Latrodectus katipo
类别: 蜘蛛
家人: Theridiidae2
排序: Araneae
大洲: 澳大利亚和大洋洲
宝宝: The female lays five or six egg sacs in November or December, with about 70 to 90 eggs in each. The young hatch after 20–25 days and leave the egg sac in January and February.1
它在野外过得怎么样: In serious decline (New Zealand Threat Classification System)1
对人的危险: 3 / 5: 严重3