第 0328 号，共 1 402 张

Namaqua dwarf adder

Bitis schneideri

名字的由来： The specific name schneideri honours Dr Oskar Schneider (1841–1903), a friend of the scientist who described it. Schneider was a conchologist, a person who studies shells.1

只是会疼会疼，但不会对你造成严重伤害。

蝰蛇

咬伤

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

The Namaqua dwarf adder is a small venomous snake that lives on the coastal sand dunes where Namibia and South Africa meet. It is one of the smallest vipers in the world, and possibly the smallest.1

生活在

Coastal region straddling the border between Namibia and South Africa, from near Lüderitz to Hondeklip Bay1

非洲

首页

It lives on white coastal sand dunes in a narrow strip of coastline. Its range may reach up to 60 km inland in the Sperrgebiet of southern Namibia.1

长度

18 cm到28 cm (7.1 in到11 in)1

最高速度

约 3 公里/小时（1.9 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

Namaqua dwarf adder的照片 — Namaqua dwarf adder。照片：unknown。 CC0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

It is the smallest species in the genus Bitis.1
Adults usually measure 18–25 cm in total length, including the tail.1
It lives on white coastal sand dunes.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

The venom is injected by bite. In one documented bite, the victim had intense pain, pronounced swelling, discolouration and oozing of fluid from the puncture marks. A 5 mm haematoma (a swelling of blood under the skin) formed after 24 hours. Symptoms eased over three to four days, and healing was complete after two weeks, with no loss of function. Minimal local tissue damage and no whole-body effects were reported.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

One bite is documented, recorded by a researcher. It caused pain and swelling but healed fully in about two weeks.1

如果它咬人

让人保持安静不动，被咬的肢体与心脏保持同一高度，摘下戒指和紧身物品，尽快送医院。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 9 块玩具积木排成一排一样长120 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Namaqua dwarf adder和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

Namaqua dwarf adder 约 3 公里/小时 (1.9 mph)

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

值得了解

事实

It is possibly the smallest viper in the world.1

Its population faces unusually high annual mortality, between 39% and 56%, because of its small size and the many predators in its environment.1

To cope with this losses, it is thought to breed once every year. Most vipers breed every other year or less often.1

It lives in a comparatively narrow strip of coastal dunes, where temperatures change little between seasons.1

给毒液专家

学名: Bitis schneideri
类别: 蝰蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 非洲
宝宝: It is viviparous, meaning it gives birth to live young rather than laying eggs.1
对人的危险: 2 / 5: 很疼3