第 0062 号，共 1 402 张

Shield-nosed cobra

Aspidelaps scutatus

需要看医生很少致命，但被咬了要去看医生。

咬伤吃：肉

The shield-nosed cobra is a venomous snake from the cobra family, Elapidae. It lives in dry, sandy savanna across southern Africa. It is a night-time digger that spends much of its life underground, and its venom is strong enough to be a serious danger to people.1

生活在

Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe1

非洲

首页

It prefers sandy-soiled savanna, at altitudes of 90 to 1,400 m (300 to 4,590 ft). It is fossorial, meaning it is adapted to digging and tunnelling.1

长度

64 cm (2.1 ft)1

最高速度

约 6.2 公里/小时（3.9 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It preys on amphibians, lizards, snakes and mammals that are a suitable size for it.1

Shield-nosed cobra的照片 — Shield-nosed cobra。照片：Ryan van Huyssteen。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Adults have an average snout-to-vent length of 63.5 cm.1
It has a uniquely large rostral scale, the scale at the tip of the snout, which helps it dig.1
Its dorsal (back) scales are arranged in 21 to 25 rows at midbody.1
The scales on the rear part of the body are keeled, meaning they have a ridge along the middle.1
It is nocturnal, so it is mostly active at night.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom is highly neurotoxic, meaning it attacks the nerves. Symptoms include slurred speech, drooping eyelids (ptosis) and partial paralysis.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The shield-nosed cobra is highly venomous. Its bite has caused at least one reported human death, even though it has a fairly low tendency to bite.1

如果它咬人

No antivenin is available for this species. Any bite or venom spat by any elapid snake should be treated as an urgent medical emergency.1
让人保持安静不动，摘下戒指和紧身物品，尽快送医院：抗毒血清是治疗方法。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 4 根香蕉首尾相接一样长58 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Shield-nosed cobra和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

Shield-nosed cobra 约 6.2 公里/小时 (3.9 mph)

一个骑自行车的孩子 约 12 公里/小时 (7.5 mph)

值得了解

事实

Its skull has a specialised structure, and its uniquely large rostral scale makes it very good at digging and tunnelling.1

The female may stay coiled around her eggs after laying them, guarding the clutch.1

The shield-nosed cobra can live for 20 to 28 years in captivity, but this age is normally not reached in the wild because of predation, accidents and other dangers.1

给毒液专家

学名: Aspidelaps scutatus
类别: 眼镜蛇、曼巴蛇和环蛇
家人: Elapidae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 非洲
宝宝: It lays eggs (oviparous), with a clutch of 4 to 10 eggs. The female may stay with her eggs, coiled around them.1
对人的危险: 3 / 5: 严重3