第 0354 号，共 1 402 张

Variable bush viper

Atheris squamigera

需要看医生很少致命，但被咬了要去看医生。

咬伤吃：肉

The variable bush viper is a venomous snake that lives in the rainforests of west and central Africa. It is a tree-dwelling viper that blends in well with the leaves of the bushes it hunts in. Its bite can cause serious harm, so it is important to recognise it.1

生活在

West and central Africa, from Ghana east to western Kenya and Tanzania, south to northern Angola and Bioko Island1

非洲

首页

It lives mostly in rainforest, where it prefers low, thick, flowering bushes. Its green colouring helps it hide among leaves.1

长度

46 cm到78 cm (1.5 ft到2.6 ft)1

最高速度

约 3.4 公里/小时（2.1 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It eats mainly small mammals. It hunts at night, using its colouring to stay hidden and ambush prey. Cannibalism within the species has been recorded.1

Variable bush viper的照片 — Variable bush viper。照片：LA Dawson。 CC BY 2.5, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

Usually green, but the colour varies from sage or light green to dark green, bluish, olive or dark olive brown.1
Rare individuals may be yellow, reddish or slate grey.1
Light-coloured crossbands or chevrons (V-shaped marks) run along the body, usually 30 or more.1
The tail has a clear ivory white tip.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

It has hemotoxic venom, which affects the blood. It is injected through two hollow fangs at the front of the mouth. Bites have caused at least one case of severe haematological (blood) complications. The venom is used to make prey defenceless.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

Bites have caused at least one case of severe blood complications and two deaths. No specific antivenom is made for this genus, though antivenom for the genus Echis has been shown to be partly effective against its venom.1

好消息：医生有药（抗毒血清）或治疗方法。1

如果它咬人

让人保持安静不动，被咬的肢体与心脏保持同一高度，摘下戒指和紧身物品，尽快送医院。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 4 根香蕉首尾相接一样长110 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Variable bush viper和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

Variable bush viper 约 3.4 公里/小时 (2.1 mph)

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

值得了解

事实

Newborn snakes are already venomous and fully independent, so their mother leaves them as soon as they are born.1

Young snakes have a dark olive colour with wavy bars. Their adult colours develop within 3 to 4 months.1

Breeding in captivity needs very high humidity.1

Captive keepers and breeders often call it simply a "Squam".1

It is the most widely distributed species in its genus, Atheris.1

给毒液专家

学名: Atheris squamigera
类别: 蝰蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 非洲
宝宝: It gives birth to live young. A single litter can have up to 19 young, though the average is 7 to 9. The young are venomous at birth and are left by their mother straight away.1
对人的危险: 3 / 5: 严重3