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Chilean recluse

Loxosceles laeta

Sobre el nom: Laeta is Latin for "happy". In Spanish it is called araña de rincón, meaning "corner spider".1

Cal anar al metgeRarament mortal, però una mossegada necessita un metge.

Aranyes

MossegadesMenja: Carn

Perill per a les persones: GreuUna mossegada necessita un metge. Les morts són molt rares.

The Chilean recluse is a brown spider from South America that is considered the most dangerous of the recluse spiders. Its bite can cause serious skin damage and, in rare cases, serious illness that affects the whole body. It is also known for spreading to homes and buildings in several other countries.1

Viu a

Native to South America, including Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Argentina, Uruguay and southern and eastern Brazil1

Amèrica del Sud

Inici

Dry, undisturbed places such as woodpiles, sheds, closets and garages. It is often found in human homes. It has also been found in buildings in the USA, Canada, Australia, Sweden, Finland and Germany, although it does not thrive in most of these places.1

Llargada

de 8 mm a 4 cm (de 0,3 in a 1,6 in)1

Velocitat màxima

uns 0,98 km/h (0,61 mph)

A terra, estimació aproximada

Què menja?

It hunts at night, leaving its messy web to do so.1

Foto de Chilean recluse — Chilean recluse. Foto: Kaz Born. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Com reconèixer-lo

Brown, ranging from light tan to brown.1
Usually has a dark, violin-shaped marking on the top of the front body section, but this marking may not be visible.1
Has six eyes arranged in three pairs, not the eight eyes most spiders have. Checking the eyes is more reliable than checking the marking.1
Measures 8 to 40 mm including legs, making it one of the larger recluse species.1
Builds irregular webs with a messy shelter of tangled threads. It leaves these webs at night to hunt.1

Sovint es confon amb: Other recluse spiders look similar. The violin marking is not a reliable guide, so the eye arrangement is the more important feature for identification. Six eyes in three pairs is the key clue.1

Poder del verí

Mossegades

El verí surt pels ullals o les dents quan mossega.

Què fa el seu verí?

Its venom contains sphingomyelinase D, a substance that destroys skin and tissue. Most bites cause mild irritation, but serious bites can cause a necrotising skin ulcer, which is an open wound where tissue dies. In 10 to 15% of cases, the venom causes a whole-body condition that damages organs, blood cells and kidneys. Bites may feel fine at first, and visible damage can take up to seven hours to appear, while the venom can spread through the body within minutes.1

Com de perillós és per a les persones?

Perill per a les persones: GreuUna mossegada necessita un metge. Les morts són molt rares.

Its bite often causes serious reactions, up to and including death. In a study covering 30 years of bites in Chile, 3 to 4% of cases ended in death. In a study of 250 cases in Santiago, Chile, from 1955 to 2000, 9 of the 47 people with the most severe whole-body reaction died. Skin damage can take months, and sometimes years, to heal, leaving deep scars.1

Bona notícia: els metges tenen un medicament (l'antiverí) o un tractament per a això.1

Què fa quan té por?

It is not aggressive and usually bites only when it is pressed against skin, such as when someone puts on clothing where it is hiding.1

Si mossega

Applying an ice pack helps, because the venom is more active at high temperatures. Aloe vera may soothe the skin and help control pain.1
Renta la mossegada i posa-hi gel per al dolor. Busca ajuda mèdica si el dolor és fort, s'estén o la persona es troba malament.

Truca sempre primer al número d'emergències (112, 000, 911). Això són pautes generals de primers auxilis, no consells mèdics. Primers auxilis bàsics

Estigues segur

No toquis, atrapis ni molestis mai un animal salvatge, encara que sigui petit i encara que sembli adormit o mort.
Deixa-li espai. Si en trobes un, mantén la calma, recula a poc a poc i deixa que segueixi el seu camí.
Si te'n mossega un: mantén la calma, no et moguis, truca al número d'emergències (112, 000, 911) o ves de pressa a un hospital. Recorda com era, una foto ajuda.

No va a per tu. Fa servir el verí per caçar o per defensar-se, i prefereix mil vegades amagar-se. Més sobre com estar segur

On del món?

Àfrica Àsia Europa Amèrica del Nord Amèrica del Sud Austràlia i Oceania

Que gran és?

Quant fa de llarg?

més o menys el que fa de llarg un clip

Que gran és Chilean recluse comparat amb TU?

Només càlculs al teu navegador. No es desa ni s'envia res enlloc.

Com de ràpid va?

Una tortuga uns 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Chilean recluse uns 0,98 km/h (0,61 mph)

Una persona caminant uns 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

val la pena saber-ho

Dades

Its venom contains sphingomyelinase D, which is otherwise found only in a few harmful bacteria.1

Its venom contains about ten times more of this substance than other sicariid spiders, such as the brown recluse, according to one study.1

A colony has lived in the Natural History Museum of Helsinki, probably introduced through fruit shipments in the 1960s and 1970s.1

It can survive for a long time without food or water, which helps it spread to new places around the world.1

Chile's Loxosceles laeta can produce 60 μg of venom by electrical stimulation, more than the related Loxosceles intermedia and Loxosceles gaucho.1

Desmuntamites

Mite: The violin-shaped marking on its back is a reliable way to identify it.

Veritat: The marking may not be visible and is not reliable. Counting the eyes, which are six in three pairs, is more important for identification.1

Per a experts en verins

Nom científic: Loxosceles laeta
Grup: Aranyes
Família: Sicariidae2
Ordre: Araneae
Continents: Amèrica del Sud
Perill per a les persones: 3 / 5: Greu3

D'on surten les dades

Chilean recluse spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Loxosceles laeta (iNaturalist): noms i classificació.
Venom Wiki: el nivell de perill, la mida típica i la velocitat estimada són nostres. Mira com els calculem: Com valorem el perill.

Cada dada d'aquesta pàgina té un número que porta a la seva font. Si ens hem equivocat en alguna cosa, perdona, som fans dels animals, no una revista científica. Escriu-nos a [email protected] i ho arreglarem.

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