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Rinkhals

Hemachatus haemachatus

Medikua behar duGutxitan da hilgarria, baina koska batek edo begietako pozoiak medikua behar du.

Kobrak, mambak eta kraitak

Botatzen du edo tu egiten duJaten du: Haragia

Arriskua pertsonentzat: LarriaKoska batek edo begietako pozoiak medikua behar du. Heriotzak oso arraroak dira.

The rinkhals is a venomous snake that lives in southern Africa. It is often called the ring-necked spitting cobra, but it is not a true cobra. It is known for spitting venom at threats rather than relying on its bite.1

Non bizi den

Southern Africa: South Africa, Lesotho and Eswatini, with an isolated Zimbabwe population that may be extinct1

Afrika

Hasiera

It prefers grasslands, from the coast up to altitudes of 2,000 m. It is extremely common on the Highveld and in the grasslands of KwaZulu-Natal. Because it eats frogs and toads, it is often found near wetlands.1

Luzera

90 cm eta 1,1 m artean (3 ft eta 3,6 ft artean)1

Abiadura handiena

6,9 km/h inguru (4,3 mph)

Lehorrean, kalkulu gutxi gorabeherakoa

Zer jaten du?

It hunts during the daytime and will prey on any vertebrate small enough to eat. Toads are its most common food in the wild, but it also eats rodents and small lizards.1

Argazkia: Rinkhals — Rinkhals. Argazkia: ProfbergerLee R. Berger. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Nola ezagutu

Its belly is dark, with one or two light-coloured crossbands on the throat.1
Its usual total length, including the tail, is 90 to 110 cm.1
Colour varies. Some individuals are mostly black, while others are striped.1
When distressed, it spreads its hood to show a striped neck.1
Its dorsal scales are keeled, which means they have a ridge down the middle.1

Askotan honekin nahasten da: It closely resembles true cobras, which belong to the genus Naja. Its keeled dorsal scales and the lack of solid teeth on the maxilla (upper jaw bone) set it apart, and these differences are why it is placed in its own genus, Hemachatus.1

Pozoi-ahalmena

Botatzen du edo tu egiten du

Likido mingarri bat botatzen edo tu egiten die erasotzaileei.

Zer egiten du bere pozoiak?

Its venom is neurotoxic, meaning it attacks the nerves, and partially cytotoxic, meaning it destroys body tissue. A bite causes great pain and can lead to necrosis (death of tissue). General symptoms include drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, violent abdominal pain, cramps and vertigo, and local swelling and bruising occur in about a quarter of cases.1

Zein arriskutsua da pertsonentzat?

Arriskua pertsonentzat: LarriaKoska batek edo begietako pozoiak medikua behar du. Heriotzak oso arraroak dira.

Bites are rare, because the snake relies on other defences first. Most bites happen when people try to handle it. No fatality from a rinkhals bite has been recorded in over 40 years.1

Albiste ona: medikuek badute sendagai bat (antipozoia) edo tratamendu bat honetarako.1

Zer egiten du beldurtzen denean?

When threatened, it spreads its hood, hisses and lunges while spitting venom accurately up to 3 m, usually aiming at the face and eyes. If other defences fail, it may bite, and it can also roll over with its mouth open and tongue out.1

Kosk egiten badu edo tu egiten badu

Polyvalent antivenom is effective for treating rinkhals envenomation. If venom gets into the eyes, it causes great pain and inflammation, and corneal damage can occur if left untreated. Timely first aid and eye-washing will usually lead to recovery after a few days.1
Eutsi pertsona geldi eta lasai, kendu eraztunak eta gauza estuak, eta joan ospitalera azkar: antipozoia da tratamendua.
Pozoia begietara tu egin badu, garbitu begiak berehala ur garbi askorekin.

Deitu beti lehenik zure larrialdi-zenbakira (112, 000, 911). Lehen sorospenei buruzko orientabide orokorra da hau, ez mediku-aholkua. Lehen sorospenen oinarriak

Egon seguru

Ez ukitu, ez harrapatu eta ez zirikatu inoiz animalia basati bat, txikia izan arren, eta lo edo hilda dagoela badirudi ere.
Utzi tartea. Bat aurkitzen baduzu, egon lasai, egin atzera poliki eta utzi bere bidetik joaten.
Batek kosk egiten badizu edo pozoia begietara tu egiten badizu: egon lasai, egon geldi, deitu zure larrialdi-zenbakira (112, 000, 911) edo joan ospitalera azkar. Gogoratu nolakoa zen, argazki batek laguntzen du.

Ez dabil zure atzetik. Pozoia janaria harrapatzeko edo bere burua babesteko erabiltzen du, eta askoz nahiago du ezkutatu. Seguru egoteari buruz gehiago

Munduko zein tokitan?

Afrika Asia Europa Ipar Amerika Hego Amerika Australia eta Ozeania

Zein handia da?

Zein luzea da?

2 etxeko katu muturretik buztanera jarrita bezain luzea6 banana bata bestearen atzetik jarrita bezain luzea100 metro 52 segundotan egin litzake (gizakirik azkarrenak 9,6 behar ditu)

Zein handia da Rinkhals ZUREKIN alderatuta?

Matematika hutsa zure nabigatzailean. Ez da ezer gordetzen, ezta inora bidaltzen ere.

Zein azkarra da?

Oinez doan pertsona bat 5 km/h inguru (3,1 mph)

Rinkhals 6,9 km/h inguru (4,3 mph)

Bizikletan doan haur bat 12 km/h inguru (7,5 mph)

jakin beharrekoa

Datuak

When threatened, it can play dead by rolling onto its back with its mouth open and tongue out. This behaviour, called thanatosis, is also seen in some other snakes.1

It can spit venom accurately at targets up to 3 m away and has good control over its venom glands.1

Unlike true cobras, which lay eggs, it gives birth to live young.1

It is not a true cobra. It belongs to its own genus, Hemachatus, which has only one species.1

Mito-hauslea

Mitoa: The rinkhals is a true cobra.

Egia: It bears a great resemblance to true cobras, but it belongs to the genus Hemachatus rather than Naja, so it is not a true cobra.1

Pozoi-adituentzat

Izen zientifikoa: Hemachatus haemachatus
Taldea: Kobrak, mambak eta kraitak
Familia: Elapidae2
Ordena: Squamata
Kontinenteak: Afrika
Kumeak: It gives birth to live young rather than laying eggs. A litter usually has around 20 to 30 young, though some females give birth to over 60, typically in late summer (December to March in the southern hemisphere).1
Arriskua pertsonentzat: 3 / 5: Larria3

Datuak nondik datozen

Rinkhals (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Hemachatus haemachatus (iNaturalist): izenak eta sailkapena.
Venom Wiki: arrisku-maila, ohiko tamaina eta abiadura-kalkulua geureak dira. Ikusi nola kalkulatzen ditugun: Nola baloratzen dugun arriskua.

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