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Debuxo de South American rattlesnake
N.º 0524 de 1 402

South American rattlesnake

Crotalus durissus
Pode matarPode matarte sen tratamento. Se te morde, busca axuda rápido.
Serpes de cascabel MordeCome: Carne
Perigo para as persoas: Moi perigosoPode matar a unha persoa que non reciba tratamento.

The South American rattlesnake is a large, highly venomous pit viper. It lives across much of South America, except the Andes Mountains, and also on some Caribbean islands. It is the most widely spread member of its genus, which is why it matters to people in so many places.1

Vive en
South America except the Andes, including Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay; also some Caribbean islands, including Aruba1
América do Sur
Inicio
It prefers savanna and semi-arid areas, and is found in several types of scrub and seasonal forest. In the Chaco region of Paraguay, it lives in the drier, sandier areas.1
Lonxitude
1,9 m (6,2 ft)1
Velocidade máxima
uns 4 km/h (2,5 mph)
En terra, estimación aproximada
Que come?
It eats mainly rodents, which are abundant and available all year in most of its range. In some regions it also eats lizards of the Teiidae family.1
De verdade!Foto de South American rattlesnake
South American rattlesnake. Foto: Leandro Avelar. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Como recoñecelo

  • Two distinct stripes start at the base of the head, and the colour between the lines is lighter than the stripes.1
  • Body colour and pattern vary, but most have 18 to 32 dark diamond or rhombic spots along the back.1
  • The head has a dark brown bar at the top and a dark band behind the eye.1
  • The tail is usually grey, with dark, faint crossed bands.1
  • The belly is white or yellowish with light grey spots, getting darker towards the tail.1

Poder da pezoña

Morde

A pezoña sae polos seus cairos ou dentes cando morde.

Que fai a súa pezoña?

Its venom contains neurotoxins, which attack the nerves, and myotoxins, which damage muscle. These cause progressive paralysis, including impaired or lost vision, hearing problems, drooping eyelids and weakness in the neck muscles, which can become so limp that the head appears broken. Breathing can eventually be stopped by paralysis, and the muscle damage can cause dark urine.1

Que perigoso é para as persoas?

Perigo para as persoas: Moi perigosoPode matar a unha persoa que non reciba tratamento.

It is a highly venomous snake. The mortality rate is 72% for bite cases without specific serum treatment, and 11% for cases with it. Acute kidney failure is considered the main cause of death.1

Boas novas: os médicos teñen un medicamento (antiveleno) ou un tratamento para isto.1

Que fai cando ten medo?

It is highly alert and gives little warning before it strikes, but it is seldom aggressive towards people.1

Se morde

  • Specific serum treatment (antivenom) greatly lowers the death rate, so a bite needs urgent hospital care to give it.1
  • Mantén a persoa quieta e tranquila, mantén o membro mordido á altura do corazón, quítalle aneis e cousas apertadas e vai rápido a un hospital.

Chama sempre primeiro ao teu número de emerxencias (112, 000, 911). Isto son consellos xerais de primeiros auxilios, non consello médico. Primeiros auxilios básicos

Mantente a salvo

  • Nunca toques, collas nin molestes un animal salvaxe, aínda que sexa pequeno e aínda que pareza durmido ou morto.
  • Déixalle espazo. Se atopas un, mantén a calma, recúa amodo e déixao ir polo seu camiño.
  • Se un te morde: mantén a calma, non te movas, chama ao teu número de emerxencias (112, 000, 911) ou vai rápido a un hospital. Lembra como era, unha foto axuda.

Non vai a por ti. Usa a súa pezoña para cazar comida ou para defenderse, e prefire con moito agocharse. Máis sobre como estar a salvo

Que tamaño ten?

Canto mide?

South American rattlesnake mide uns 1,9 m (6,2 ft)A bicicleta dun adulto uns 1,8 m (5,9 ft)Un coche uns 4,5 m (15 ft)
mide coma 4 gatos domésticos do fociño á colamide coma 11 bananas postas en filapodería percorrer 100 metros en 90 segundos (o humano máis rápido precisa 9,6)

Que tamaño ten South American rattlesnake comparado CONTIGO?

Só son contas no teu navegador. Non se garda nin se envía nada a ningures.

Que rápido é?

paga a pena sabelo

Datos

1

The lethal dose for a 60 kg human is possibly 18 mg, while a snake's venom yield is 20 to 100 mg.1

2

Crotoxin, a neurotoxin, makes up about 48.5% to 89.4% of the venom proteins in one subspecies, though it is typically 60% to 70%.1

3

It is the most widely distributed member of its genus, and seven subspecies are currently recognised.1

4

It is more active at dusk and in the early hours of the morning.1

5

Males compete for access to females from the end of summer, with mating in autumn and the young born the following spring or summer.1

Desmontamitos

Mito: Yellow venom means the bite damages blood and tissue, and white venom means it attacks the nerves.

Verdade: Venom colour does not determine the type. Colour depends on pigments in the venom, not on whether it is haemorrhagic or neurotoxic.1

Para expertos en pezoñas

Nome científico
Crotalus durissus
Grupo
Serpes de cascabel
Familia
Viperidae2
Orde
Squamata
Continentes
América do Sur
Crías
It gives birth to live young (ovoviviparous), usually four to eight at a time. In Roraima, Brazil, gestation has been reported to last five months, with up to 14 young.1
Perigo para as persoas
4 / 5: Moi perigoso3

De onde veñen os datos

  1. Crotalus durissus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Crotalus durissus (iNaturalist): nomes e clasificación.
  3. Venom Wiki: o nivel de perigo, o tamaño típico e a velocidade estimada son nosos. Mira como os calculamos: Como valoramos o perigo.

Cada dato desta páxina ten un número que leva á súa fonte. Se nos equivocamos nalgo, sentímolo, somos fans dos animais, non unha revista científica. Dínolo en [email protected] e arranxarémolo.

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