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Gambar kartun Black-necked spitting cobra
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Black-necked spitting cobra

Naja nigricollis
Tentang namanya: The scientific name comes from Latin: 'niger' means black and 'collis' means neck. The genus name Naja comes from the Sanskrit word for cobra.1
Bisa membunuhBisa membunuhmu tanpa pengobatan. Jika ia menggigitmu atau meludahkan bisa ke matamu, segera cari bantuan.
Kobra, mamba, dan welang Menyemprot atau meludahMakan: Daging
Bahaya bagi manusia: Sangat berbahayaBisa membunuh orang yang tidak diobati.

The black-necked spitting cobra is a venomous snake found mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. It can squirt venom from its fangs at a threat, and that venom can cause permanent blindness if it gets into the eyes. Its colours vary a lot from place to place.1

Hidup di
Mostly sub-Saharan Africa, in western, eastern, central and parts of southern Africa. Absent from the Congo Basin rainforests.1
Afrika
Beranda
It usually lives in savanna and semi-desert, up to 1,800 metres, and also in moist savanna and cleared former forest, especially near rivers and streams. It is often met in villages and small towns, where it may come into direct contact with people. It hides in tree trunks, termite mounds and rodent holes.1
Panjang
1,2 m sampai 2,2 m (3,9 ft sampai 7,2 ft)1
Kecepatan tertinggi
sekitar 7,8 km/jam (4,8 mph)
Di darat, perkiraan kasar
Apa makanannya?
It feeds mainly on small rodents such as small rats and mice. It also eats birds, fishes, lizards, eggs and other snakes.1
Beneran!Foto Black-necked spitting cobra
Black-necked spitting cobra. Foto: Nigel Voaden. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Cara mengenalinya

  • Moderately sized, with a moderately distinct head, and grows to 1.2 to 2.2 metres.1
  • Many specimens have a broad black neck band, often with an orange or pinkish bar on the neck.1
  • Colours vary by region: black or pale grey, yellowish-brown, deep reddish-brown, olive brown, striped black and white, or totally white with dark eyes.1
  • Some have a yellow or reddish belly, while others lack the neck bands and belly colour.1

Kekuatan bisa

Menyemprot atau meludah

Ia menyemprotkan atau meludahkan cairan pedih ke penyerangnya.

Apa efek bisanya?

Its venom is mostly cytotoxic, meaning it destroys cells, and it also has typical elapid neurotoxic (nerve-attacking) effects and cardiotoxic (heart-damaging) components. A bite causes severe bleeding from the wound, tissue death around the bite, and difficulty breathing. Venom in the eyes causes extreme burning pain, loss of coordination, partial loss of vision, and permanent blindness.1

Seberapa berbahaya bagi manusia?

Bahaya bagi manusia: Sangat berbahayaBisa membunuh orang yang tidak diobati.

Its venom is medically significant. The death rate for untreated bites is about 5 to 10%, and under 1% in areas where it is common. When death occurs, it is usually from paralysis of the diaphragm, the muscle used for breathing.1

Apa yang dilakukannya saat takut?

It spits venom from its fangs at a threat, reaching up to 7 metres with good accuracy. It also bites readily, even with only slight provocation.1

Jika ia menggigit atau meludah

  • If venom gets into the eyes, it should be washed off, because permanent blindness can follow if it is not. Anyone bitten should get medical treatment, as untreated bites carry a much higher risk of death.1
  • Jaga orangnya tetap diam dan tenang, lepaskan cincin dan benda yang ketat, lalu segera ke rumah sakit: pengobatannya adalah antibisa.
  • Jika bisa disemburkan ke mata, segera bilas mata dengan banyak air bersih.

Selalu hubungi nomor darurat dulu (112, 000, 911). Ini panduan pertolongan pertama umum, bukan nasihat medis. Dasar-dasar pertolongan pertama

Tetap aman

  • Jangan pernah menyentuh, menangkap, atau mengganggu hewan liar, walaupun kecil, dan walaupun tampak tidur atau mati.
  • Beri ia ruang. Jika bertemu, tetap tenang, mundur perlahan, dan biarkan ia pergi.
  • Jika ia menggigitmu atau meludahkan bisa ke matamu: tetap tenang, jangan bergerak, hubungi nomor darurat (112, 000, 911) atau segera ke rumah sakit. Ingat seperti apa rupanya, foto sangat membantu.

Ia tidak mengincarmu. Ia memakai bisanya untuk menangkap makanan atau melindungi diri, dan ia jauh lebih suka bersembunyi. Lebih lanjut tentang tetap aman

Di mana di dunia?

AfrikaAsiaEropaAmerika UtaraAmerika SelatanAustralia dan Oseania

Seberapa besar dia?

Seberapa panjang dia?

Black-necked spitting cobra panjangnya sekitar 2,2 m (7,2 ft)Sepeda orang dewasa sekitar 1,8 m (5,9 ft)Mobil sekitar 4,5 m (15 ft)
sepanjang 4 kucing peliharaan dari hidung ke ekorsepanjang 12 pisang yang dijajarkanbisa menempuh 100 meter dalam 46 detik (manusia tercepat butuh 9,6)

Seberapa besar Black-necked spitting cobra dibandingkan KAMU?

Hanya hitungan di browsermu. Tidak ada yang disimpan atau dikirim ke mana pun.

Seberapa cepat dia?

layak diketahui

Fakta

1

It can spit venom accurately more than 7 metres away.1

2

In 1944, a British eye surgeon, Major Harold Ridley, described eye damage from a spit from this cobra in Ghana. He treated the man and followed his case until the eye fully recovered.1

3

A single bite can deliver 200 to 350 mg of venom (dry weight), according to a 1974 study by Minton.1

4

It is an excellent tree climber and can live in trees at times.1

5

Wild-caught individuals tend to be nervous and spit readily, while captive-bred animals are much calmer.1

6

It can be active at night or during the day, depending on the season, location and temperature.1

Pembongkar mitos

Mitos: Spitting cobras only spit venom and do not bite.

Faktanya: The black-necked spitting cobra also bites, and it will do so with only slight provocation.1

Untuk ahli bisa

Nama ilmiah
Naja nigricollis
Kelompok
Kobra, mamba, dan welang
Keluarga
Elapidae2
Urutan
Squamata
Benua
Afrika
Anak
Females usually lay 10 to 15 eggs, though they can lay between 8 and 22. The young are about 20 to 25 cm long at birth and are fully independent.1
Bahaya bagi manusia
4 / 5: Sangat berbahaya3

Dari mana faktanya berasal

  1. Black-necked spitting cobra (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Naja nigricollis (iNaturalist): nama dan klasifikasi.
  3. Venom Wiki: tingkat bahaya, ukuran umum, dan perkiraan kecepatan adalah buatan kami. Lihat cara kami menghitungnya: Cara kami menilai bahaya.

Setiap fakta di halaman ini punya nomor yang menunjuk ke sumbernya. Kalau kami salah, maaf ya, kami penggemar hewan, bukan jurnal ilmiah. Beri tahu kami di [email protected] dan kami akan memperbaikinya.

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