No. 0728 / 1 402

Woodlouse spider

Dysdera crocata

名前について： Its common names come from its main prey, woodlice, which are also called sowbugs, pillbugs and slaters.1

無害人には無害。心配いらないよ。

クモ

かむ食べもの：肉

人への危険: 軽いハチに刺されたくらいか、それ以下。人にはほぼ無害。

The woodlouse spider is a small spider that hunts woodlice, the small grey creatures that curl up when touched. It lives in warm places under logs, stones and plant pots, and it is now found on almost every continent except Antarctica. It is a skilled hunter with large fangs, but it is not known to be a health risk to people.1

すんでいる場所

Originally from the Mediterranean; now found from Eurasia to parts of North and South America, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand1

ヨーロッパ

ホーム

It is usually found under logs, rocks, bricks, plant pots and in leaf litter in warm places, often close to woodlice. It has also been found inside houses. During the day it rests in a silk retreat in crevices, usually in partly rotten wood, or in tent-like shelters in the hollows of large rocks.1

長さ

9 mmから1.5 cm (0.4 inから0.6 in)1

最高速度

時速約0.86 km（時速0.53マイル）

陸で, おおまかな予想

何を食べるの？

It mainly eats woodlice. It uses its large fangs to get past the tough outer shell and injects venom into the soft underside, avoiding the woodlouse's unpleasant defensive chemicals. It also eats silverfish, earwigs, millipedes, burying beetles, crickets and other spiders and centipedes.1

Woodlouse spiderの写真 — Woodlouse spider。写真：Meghan Cassidy。 CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

見分け方

Six eyes.1
A tawny orange to dark red head and chest section (cephalothorax) and legs.1
A shiny, pale beige to yellow-brown abdomen, which can be dark grey and sometimes very shiny.1
Very large fangs (chelicerae) for a spider of its size.1
Adult females are 11 to 15 mm long, and males are 9 to 10 mm long.1

よくまちがえられるのは： The woodlouse spider can be hard to tell apart from Dysdera erythrina, which is much less common. D. erythrina is not usually found near human homes, so location can help.1

毒パワー

かむ

かむときに、毒が牙や歯から出るよ。

その毒（かむ・刺す毒）はどうなるの？

It injects venom through its fangs to subdue its prey. In people, bites have been known to cause localised itching at the bite site.1

人にとってどれくらい危険？

人への危険: 軽いハチに刺されたくらいか、それ以下。人にはほぼ無害。

It is a dangerous predator for woodlice but is not known to be a health hazard to humans or smaller animals. It has been known to bite people if handled. Verified bites have caused no major medical problems.1

かまれたら

かまれたところを洗って、痛みには保冷剤をあてよう。痛みが強い、広がる、またはその人の具合が悪いときは、医療の助けを受けて。

まず必ず救急番号（112、000、911）に電話しよう。これは一般的な応急手当の案内で、医療のアドバイスではないよ。応急手当の基本

安全に過ごそう

野生の動物には、小さくても、ねているように見えても、死んでいるように見えても、ぜったいにさわったり、つかまえたり、からかったりしないこと。
近づかないで。出会ったら落ちついて、ゆっくりあとずさりして、そのまま行かせてあげよう。
かまれたら：落ちついて、じっとして、救急番号（112、000、911）に電話するか、急いで病院へ行こう。見た目をおぼえておいてね。写真があると役に立つよ。

きみをねらっているわけじゃないよ。毒はエサをとったり身を守ったりするために使うだけで、本当はかくれていたいんだ。安全に過ごすためにもっと知ろう

世界のどこ？

アフリカアジアヨーロッパ北アメリカ南アメリカオーストラリアとオセアニア

どれくらい大きい？

どれくらい長い？

きみの小指より短い

Woodlouse spiderは、きみとくらべてどれくらい大きい？

ブラウザで計算しているだけ。何も保存されないし、どこにも送られないよ。

どれくらい速い？

リクガメ 時速約0.3 km (0.19 mph)

Woodlouse spider 時速約0.86 km (0.53 mph)

歩いている人 時速約5 km (3.1 mph)

知っておく価値あり

データ

It is an unusually dominant predator for its size because of its large fangs and wide gape.1

It often dominates and sometimes kills other spiders and centipedes.1

Courtship is typically aggressive, and mates can be injured by each other's large fangs.1

It hunts at night and does not spin a web. Instead, it searches warm places for prey.1

Although it began in the Mediterranean, it is now found on several continents, including Australia and New Zealand.1

うそ・ほんとう

うそ： Woodlouse spiders are dangerous to people.

ほんとう： They are not known to be a health hazard to humans. They can bite if handled, but verified bites have not caused major medical problems.1

毒のエキスパート向け

学名: Dysdera crocata
グループ: クモ
家族: Dysderidae2
ならびかえ: Araneae
大陸: ヨーロッパ
赤ちゃん: The female lays her eggs in a silk sac, which can hold up to 70 eggs. She is believed to look after her young after they hatch.1
人への危険: 1 / 5: 軽い3