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Kartun Rhinoceros viper
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Rhinoceros viper

Bitis nasicornis
Tentang nama: The common name refers to the horn-like scales on the end of its nose.1
Boleh membunuhBoleh membunuh kamu tanpa rawatan. Jika ia menggigit kamu, dapatkan bantuan dengan cepat.
Ular kapak & adder GigitanMakan: Daging
Bahaya kepada manusia: Sangat berbahayaIa boleh membunuh orang yang tidak mendapat rawatan.

The rhinoceros viper is a large, stout snake with bright colours and two or three horn-like scales on its nose. It lives in forests across West and Central Africa. It is venomous, and its venom is mainly hemotoxic, meaning it attacks the blood and circulation.1

Hidup di
Forests of West and Central Africa, from Guinea and Liberia to Ghana, and from Central African Republic to Uganda and western Kenya1
Afrika
Laman utama
It mainly lives in forested areas and rarely goes into woodland. It hides by day in leaf litter, holes, around fallen trees or tangled tree roots. It is mainly on the ground but can climb into trees and thickets up to 3 m high, and is sometimes found in shallow pools.1
Panjang
72 cm hingga 1.1 m (2.4 ft hingga 3.5 ft)1
Kelajuan maksimum
kira-kira 3.6 km/j (2.2 mph)
Di darat, anggaran kasar
Apa yang ia makan?
It mainly eats small mammals, and in wetland habitats it also takes toads, frogs and fish. It hunts by ambush, often staying still for long periods while waiting for prey to pass by.1
Betul-betul!Gambar Rhinoceros viper
Rhinoceros viper. Gambar: Holger Krisp. CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Cara mengenalinya

  • Large and stout, with rough, heavily keeled scales1
  • Two or three horn-like scales on the end of the nose, the front pair often long1
  • Series of blue or blue-green oblong markings, each with a lemon-yellow line down the centre, set within black blotches1
  • Dark crimson triangles down the flanks, bordered with green or blue1
  • Top of the head blue or green, with a black arrow mark1

Sering dikelirukan dengan: The name horned puff adder is also used for Bitis caudalis (horned adder), which is a different species. Because of this, names can cause confusion, so the name butterfly viper is preferred.1

Kuasa bisa

Gigitan

Bisa keluar melalui taring atau giginya apabila ia menggigit.

Apa kesan bisanya?

Its venom is mainly hemotoxic, which attacks the circulatory system, destroying tissue and blood vessels and causing internal bleeding. It also has a neurotoxic component, which attacks the nerves. Small doses of the venom can be deadly. In the few detailed reports of human bites, massive swelling was described, which may lead to necrosis (death of tissue).1

Berapa bahaya ia kepada manusia?

Bahaya kepada manusia: Sangat berbahayaIa boleh membunuh orang yang tidak mendapat rawatan.

Because its range is restricted, few bites have been reported and no statistics are available. In 2003 a man in Dayton, Ohio, who kept one as a pet, was bitten and died.1

Berita baik: doktor ada ubat (antibisa) atau rawatan untuk ini.1

Apa yang ia buat apabila takut?

When approached it often reveals its presence with a very loud hiss, almost a shriek, and it can strike quickly forwards or sideways without coiling first or giving a warning.1

Jika ia menggigit

  • Pastikan orang itu tidak bergerak dan tenang, letakkan anggota yang digigit pada paras jantung, tanggalkan cincin dan barang yang ketat, dan pergi ke hospital dengan segera.

Sentiasa hubungi nombor kecemasan dahulu (112, 000, 911). Ini panduan pertolongan cemas umum, bukan nasihat perubatan. Asas pertolongan cemas

Kekal selamat

  • Jangan sesekali sentuh, tangkap atau usik haiwan liar, walaupun yang kecil, dan walaupun ia nampak tidur atau mati.
  • Beri ia ruang. Jika kamu terjumpa, bertenang, undur perlahan-lahan dan biarkan ia pergi.
  • Jika ia menggigit kamu: bertenang, jangan bergerak, hubungi nombor kecemasan (112, 000, 911) atau pergi ke hospital dengan segera. Ingat rupanya, gambar boleh membantu.

Ia bukan mahu memburu kamu. Ia guna bisanya untuk menangkap makanan atau melindungi diri, dan ia lebih suka bersembunyi. Lagi tentang keselamatan

Di mana di dunia?

AfrikaAsiaEropahAmerika UtaraAmerika SelatanAustralia & Oceania

Berapa besar ia?

Berapa panjang ia?

Rhinoceros viper panjangnya kira-kira 1.1 m (3.5 ft)Anjing kira-kira 1 m (3.3 ft)Orang dewasa kira-kira 1.7 m (5.6 ft)
sepanjang 2 ekor kucing rumah dari hidung ke ekorsepanjang 6 biji pisang disusun hujung ke hujungboleh melepasi 100 meter dalam 100 saat (manusia paling laju perlukan 9.6)

Berapa besar Rhinoceros viper berbanding KAMU?

Hanya matematik dalam pelayar kamu. Tiada apa yang disimpan atau dihantar ke mana-mana.

Berapa laju ia?

berguna untuk diketahui

Fakta

1

Its scales are so rough that they can cut people who handle a snake that is struggling.1

2

Its vivid colours break up its outline in the dappled light of the forest floor, so it is very hard to see.1

3

Its fangs are not large, rarely more than 1.5 cm long, and when not in use they fold up into the roof of its mouth.1

4

Its bright colours fade quickly after it sheds its skin, as silt from its moist habitat builds up on its rough scales.1

5

At least one antivenom, called India Antiserum Africa Polyvalent, protects specifically against bites from this species.1

Pemecah mitos

Mitos: Its bright colours make it easy to spot in the forest.

Hakikat: Its colours give it excellent camouflage in the dappled light of the forest floor, which can make it almost invisible.1

Untuk pakar bisa

Nama saintifik
Bitis nasicornis
Kumpulan
Ular kapak & adder
Keluarga
Viperidae2
Susunan
Squamata
Benua-benua
Afrika
Anak
It gives birth to live young, between six and 38 in West Africa, in March and April at the start of the rainy season.1
Bahaya kepada manusia
4 / 5: Sangat berbahaya3

Dari mana fakta datang

  1. Bitis nasicornis (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Bitis nasicornis (iNaturalist): nama dan pengelasan.
  3. Venom Wiki: tahap bahaya, saiz biasa dan anggaran kelajuan adalah penilaian kami sendiri. Lihat cara kami mengiranya: Cara kami menilai bahaya.

Setiap fakta di halaman ini ada nombor yang menunjuk kepada sumbernya. Jika kami tersilap, maaf, kami peminat haiwan, bukan jurnal sains. Beritahu kami di [email protected] dan kami akan betulkan.

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