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West African carpet viper

Echis ocellatus

Tentang nama: The scientific name ocellatus refers to the distinctive series of eye-spots, called ocelli, that runs the length of its body.1

Membawa mautAntara haiwan paling maut di Bumi. Jika ia menggigit kamu, panggil bantuan dengan segera.Bantuan segera dan antibisa menyelamatkan kebanyakan orang. Hubungi nombor kecemasan dengan segera.

Ular kapak & adder

GigitanMakan: Daging

Bahaya kepada manusia: Membawa mautAntara haiwan paling berbahaya di dunia.

The West African carpet viper is a small, highly venomous snake that lives in the savanna of West Africa. Its bite is one of the most dangerous of any snake in Africa. It is known for its row of eye-spots and its aggressive, alarm-like behaviour when threatened.1

Hidup di

West Africa: Mali, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Togo, Benin, southern Niger and Nigeria1

Afrika

Laman utama

It is mainly found in savanna, and occasionally in wooded areas. It is rarely found north of the 15th parallel.1

Panjang

30 cm hingga 65 cm (1 ft hingga 2.1 ft)1

Kelajuan maksimum

kira-kira 3.2 km/j (2 mph)

Di darat, anggaran kasar

Apa yang ia makan?

It hunts small vertebrates such as mammals, birds, lizards and amphibians. It has also been reported to hunt small invertebrates such as centipedes and scorpions. It usually goes out to hunt in the first hours of the night.1

Gambar West African carpet viper — West African carpet viper. Gambar: Peter Alfrey. CC0, Wikimedia Commons.

Cara mengenalinya

It has bulging eyes and a short snout, typical of vipers in the genus Echis.1
A distinctive series of eye-spots, called ocelli, runs the length of its body.1
It is terrestrial, so it lives on the ground rather than in trees.1
It is mostly active at night and at dusk (nocturnal and crepuscular).1

Sering dikelirukan dengan: Older records from Senegal, Guinea-Bissau and Guinea refer to Echis jogeri, and those from eastern Nigeria, Cameroon and southern Chad refer to Echis romani. These are now recognised as separate species. Echis leucogaster is more common north of the 15th parallel, where this snake is rarely found.1

Kuasa bisa

Gigitan

Bisa keluar melalui taring atau giginya apabila ia menggigit.

Apa kesan bisanya?

Its venom is a mix of procoagulants, anticoagulants, haemorrhagins, nephrotoxins and necrotoxins. Procoagulants make blood clot, while anticoagulants stop it clotting, so bleeding can occur. Nephrotoxins damage the kidneys, and necrotoxins kill tissue around the bite. Local symptoms include pain, swelling, bleeding, tissue death (necrosis) and disfigurement, which may lead to amputation. Whole-body symptoms include coagulopathy (blood clotting problems), haemorrhages, shock, kidney failure and blindness.1

Berapa bahaya ia kepada manusia?

Bahaya kepada manusia: Membawa mautAntara haiwan paling berbahaya di dunia.

The West African carpet viper causes more human deaths from snakebite than all other African snakes combined. The envenoming rate is 80%, and the lethality rate is 10–20%.1

Berita baik: doktor ada ubat (antibisa) atau rawatan untuk ini.1

Apa yang ia buat apabila takut?

When threatened, it forms its body into an S shape and rubs its scales together to make an alert sound.1

Jika ia menggigit

Pastikan orang itu tidak bergerak dan tenang, letakkan anggota yang digigit pada paras jantung, tanggalkan cincin dan barang yang ketat, dan pergi ke hospital dengan segera.

Sentiasa hubungi nombor kecemasan dahulu (112, 000, 911). Ini panduan pertolongan cemas umum, bukan nasihat perubatan. Asas pertolongan cemas

Kekal selamat

Jangan sesekali sentuh, tangkap atau usik haiwan liar, walaupun yang kecil, dan walaupun ia nampak tidur atau mati.
Beri ia ruang. Jika kamu terjumpa, bertenang, undur perlahan-lahan dan biarkan ia pergi.
Jika ia menggigit kamu: bertenang, jangan bergerak, hubungi nombor kecemasan (112, 000, 911) atau pergi ke hospital dengan segera. Ingat rupanya, gambar boleh membantu.

Ia bukan mahu memburu kamu. Ia guna bisanya untuk menangkap makanan atau melindungi diri, dan ia lebih suka bersembunyi. Lagi tentang keselamatan

Di mana di dunia?

Afrika Asia Eropah Amerika Utara Amerika Selatan Australia & Oceania

Berapa besar ia?

Berapa panjang ia?

sepanjang 4 biji pisang disusun hujung ke hujungboleh melepasi 100 meter dalam 110 saat (manusia paling laju perlukan 9.6)

Berapa besar West African carpet viper berbanding KAMU?

Hanya matematik dalam pelayar kamu. Tiada apa yang disimpan atau dihantar ke mana-mana.

Berapa laju ia?

Kura-kura darat kira-kira 0.3 km/j (0.19 mph)

West African carpet viper kira-kira 3.2 km/j (2 mph)

Orang berjalan kira-kira 5 km/j (3.1 mph)

berguna untuk diketahui

Fakta

It makes an alert sound by rubbing its scales together while in an S-shaped posture.1

Hatchlings are already 10–12 cm long, which is a sizeable fraction of an adult's average length.1

Its scientific name, ocellatus, comes from the row of eye-spots, called ocelli, that runs along its body.1

Some individual snakes have been found far from its main range, including in the Central African Republic and central Sudan.1

Untuk pakar bisa

Nama saintifik: Echis ocellatus
Kumpulan: Ular kapak & adder
Keluarga: Viperidae2
Susunan: Squamata
Benua-benua: Afrika
Anak: Sexually mature females lay between 6 and 20 eggs, usually at the end of the dry season, in February to March. Hatchlings are 10–12 cm long.1
Bahaya kepada manusia: 5 / 5: Membawa maut3

Dari mana fakta datang

Echis ocellatus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Echis ocellatus (iNaturalist): nama dan pengelasan.
Venom Wiki: tahap bahaya, saiz biasa dan anggaran kelajuan adalah penilaian kami sendiri. Lihat cara kami mengiranya: Cara kami menilai bahaya.

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