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Njoka ya Russell (Russell's viper)
ImalumaNjoka ya Russell ndi njoka ya ululu woopsa kwambiri yochokera ku South Asia. Ndi imodzi mwa njoka zinayi za ululu zotchedwa "Big Four" (Zinayi Zazikulu) za m'dera limeneli. Imadziwika chifukwa choluma kopweteka kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri imakhala pafupi ndi anthu chifukwa imasaka makoswe ndi mbewa zopezeka m'minda ndi m'midzi.1
Mmene ungaizindikirire
- Thupi lachikasu chakuda, lofiirira pang'ono kapena lofiirira, lokhala ndi mizere itatu ya madontho a bulauni wakuda otsatana m'litali mwa thupi1
- Dontho lililonse lakuda lili ndi mphete yakuda yozunguliridwa ndi mkombero woyera kapena wachikasu1
- Mawanga awiri akuda m'mbali mwa mutu (pafupi ndi maso), ndi chizindikiro chooneka ngati V kapena X pamutu cha mtundu wa pinki, wa nsomba ya salmon kapena wa bulauni1
- Mutu wosalala wooneka ngati makona atatu, wosiyana bwino ndi khosi1
- Thupi lonenepa, lozungulira, ndi mchira waufupi, pafupifupi 14% ya utali wonse1
Nthawi zambiri imasokonezedwa ndi: Njoka yotchedwa rough-scaled sand boa (Eryx conicus) nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mawonekedwe a mitundu ofanana ndi njoka ya Russell. Njoka imeneyi ilibe vuto lililonse, komabe muyenera kusamala ndi njoka iliyonse yooneka chonchi.1
Mphamvu ya ululu
Ululu umatuluka kudzera m'mano ake ikaluma.
Ululu wake umachita chiyani?
Mano ake a ululu ndi aatali komanso obowoka, ndipo imatulutsa ululu wambiri. Malipoti ena amati njoka zazikulu zimatulutsa pafupifupi 130 mpaka 250 mg. Zizindikiro za kulumidwa zimayamba ndi ululu waukulu ndi kutupa. Kenako magazi amayamba kutuluka m'nkhama ndi mumkodzo, kuthamanga kwa magazi (blood pressure) kumatsika, ndipo mtima umagunda pang'onopang'ono. Matuza amatha kufalikira m'dzanja kapena m'mwendo wonse, ndipo impso zimalephera kugwira ntchito pafupifupi 25 mpaka 30 pa 100 aliwonse mwa anthu olumidwa amene sanalandire chithandizo.1
Ndi yoopsa bwanji kwa anthu?
Ngozi kwa anthu: YakuphaImodzi mwa nyama zoopsa kwambiri padziko lonse.Imadziwika chifukwa choluma kopweteka kwambiri ndipo ndi imodzi mwa njoka zinayi za ululu zotchedwa "Big Four" za m'dera limeneli. Ululu wokwanira kupha anthu ambiri ndi pafupifupi 40 mpaka 70 mg, ndipo kuchuluka kumeneku njokayi ingathe kutulutsa poluma kamodzi kokha. Imfa ingachitike patatha masiku 1 mpaka 14 kuchokera pamene munthu walumidwa, kapena nthawi zina pambuyo pake. Imfayo imabwera chifukwa cha matenda (infection), kulephera kwa impso, kulephera kupuma kapena kulephera kwa mtima. Pa kafukufuku wina wa anthu amene anapulumuka atalumidwa, 29% anawonongeka kwambiri chithokomiro cha pituitary, ndipo pambuyo pake anadwala matenda otchedwa hypopituitarism.1
Nkhani yabwino: madokotala ali ndi mankhwala (antivenom) kapena chithandizo cha ichi.1
Imachita chiyani ikachita mantha?
Ikaopsezedwa, imadzipinda ngati zilembo za S zingapo, imakweza gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutsogolo kwa thupi lake, ndipo imaliza mluzu wa "shii" mokweza.1
Ikaluma
- Kulandira chithandizo cha kuchipatala msanga ndi kulandira mankhwala a ululu wa njoka (antivenom) msanga kungapewetse mavuto aakulu ndi kuchepetsa kwambiri mwayi woti munthu amwalire. Pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga mukangolumidwa, ngakhale kuluma kukhale kotani.1
- Munthuyo akhale chete ndi wodekha, chiwalo cholumidwacho chikhale pamlingo wa mtima, chotsa mphete ndi zinthu zothina, ndipo mufikitse kuchipatala mwachangu.
Nthawi zonse yamba wayimbira nambala yadzidzidzi (112, 000, 911). Awa ndi malangizo wamba a chithandizo choyamba, osati malangizo a dokotala. Zoyambira za chithandizo choyamba
Khala wotetezeka
- Usakhudze, kugwira kapena kuseweretsa nyama yakuthengo, ngakhale yaing'ono, ndipo ngakhale ikuoneka ngati yagona kapena yafa.
- Ipatse malo. Ukakumana nayo, khala chete, bwerera m'mbuyo pang'onopang'ono ndipo uilole ipite njira yake.
- Ikakuluma: khala chete, usasunthe, imbira nambala yadzidzidzi (112, 000, 911) kapena pita kuchipatala mwachangu. Kumbukira m'mene inkaonekera, chithunzi chimathandiza.
Sikufuna kukuvulaza. Imagwiritsa ntchito ululu wake kugwira chakudya kapena kudziteteza, ndipo imakonda kwambiri kubisala. Zambiri za kukhala wotetezeka
Kuti padziko lapansi?
Ndi yaikulu bwanji?
Ndi yaitali bwanji?
yaitali ngati amphaka apakhomo 3 mphuno ndi mchira motsatizana
yaitali ngati nthochi 9 zoyalidwa motsatizana
ingathamange mamita 100 m'masekondi 92 (munthu wothamanga kwambiri amafunika 9.6)Njoka ya Russell (Russell's viper) ndi yaikulu bwanji poyerekeza ndi IWE?
Ndi masamu chabe mu msakatuli wako. Palibe chomwe chimasungidwa kapena kutumizidwa kwina.
Imathamanga bwanji?
Mfundo
Ikamaluma, imaponya thupi lake ndi mphamvu yaikulu kwambiri moti njoka zazikulu zimanyamuka pansi.1
Amati kuliza kwake kwa "shii" ndi kokweza kuposa kwa njoka ina iliyonse.1
Njoka zazikulu nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochedwa ndi zaulesi ndipo siziukira kawirikawiri pokhapokha zitaputidwa, koma zimatha kuluma mofulumira kwambiri.1
Njoka ina yotchedwa sand boa, yopanda vuto, inasintha pang'onopang'ono kukhala ndi mitundu yooneka ngati njoka imeneyi, zomwe mwina zimaithandiza kupewa nyama zoidya.1
Mayi amatha kutenga pafupifupi maola 4.5 kuti abereke, monga zinaonekera pa kubereka kwina kumene kunalembedwa kwa ana 11.1
Kuthetsa nthano zabodza
Nthano yabodza: Njoka za Russell zimathamangitsa anthu ndi kuwaluma.
Zoona: Kawirikawiri siziukira pokhapokha zitaputidwa. Momwe zimadzipindira ngati zilembo za S ndi kuliza "shii" pofuna kuopseza ndi zimene zachititsa anthu kukhulupirira kuti zimathamangitsa anthu. Komabe ndi zamphamvu, ndipo zingachite zachiwawa ngati munthu wazinyamula.1
Za akatswiri a ululu
- Dzina la sayansi
- Daboia russelii
- Gulu
- Ma viper ndi adder
- Banja
- Viperidae2
- Dongosolo
- Squamata
- Makontinenti
- Asia
- Ana akhanda
- Imabereka ana amoyo (ovoviviparous). Kawirikawiri imabereka ana 20 mpaka 40 nthawi imodzi, ngakhale nthawi zina imatha kubereka mwana mmodzi yekha. Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri chimene chinalembedwa ndi ana 75.1
- Ngozi kwa anthu
- 5 / 5: Yakupha3
Kumene mfundo zimachokera
- Russell's viper (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
- Daboia russelii (iNaturalist): mayina ndi magulu a sayansi.
- Venom Wiki: mlingo wa ngozi, kukula wamba ndi kuyerekeza kwa liwiro ndi zathu. Ona mmene timazipezera: Mmene timayezera ngozi.
Mfundo iliyonse patsamba lino ili ndi nambala yosonyeza kochokera. Ngati talakwitsa, pepani, ndife okonda nyama, osati magazini a sayansi. Tiuze pa [email protected] ndipo tikonza.
Chinkhanira chili ndi njala! Venom Wiki ndi ntchito ya munthu mmodzi: yaulere, yopanda zotsatsa ndi zokutsatira. Mphatso yaing'ono imathandiza kuti ikhalebe pa intaneti.Dyetsa chinkhanira
Indian saw-scaled viper
Puff adder
Common European adder
Eastern Russell's viper
Northeast African carpet viper
Armenian viper
Deathstalker
Indian cobra
King cobra
Asian giant hornet
Komodo dragon
Spanish fly