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Moses sole

Pardachirus marmoratus

Miidhaa hin qabuNamootaaf miidhaa hin qabu. Waan si yaaddessu hin jiru.

Gogaa isaa keessa summiiNyaata: FoonSummaa'aa, summii qabeessa (ciniinee ykn iddee) miti

Balaa namootaaf: SalphaaAkka iddii kanniisaa ykn sanaa gadi. Namootaaf gonkumaa jechuun ni danda'ama miidhaa hin qabu.

The Moses sole is a flatfish that lives in shallow coastal waters of the western Indian Ocean, from the Red Sea to Sri Lanka and along the east coast of Africa. It hides on the seabed and gives off a milky toxin from its fins to deter predators, including sharks.1

Summaa'aa moo summii qabeessa? Bineensonni summii qabeessi ciniinnaa ykn iddiidhaan summii qaama keessa galchu. Bineensonni summaa'oon tuquun ykn nyaachuun miidhaa qabu. Kun summaa'aa dha.

Kan jiraatu

Western Indian Ocean, from the Red Sea to Sri Lanka, and along the east coast of Africa to Durban1

Garba Paasifikii, Garba Hindii, Galaana Diimaa, Galaana Bengaal

Mana

It lives in shallow coastal waters where the seabed is sand or mud, often near coral reefs. During the day it often lies buried in the sand with only its eyes and nostrils showing.1

Dheerina

20 cm (7,9 in)3

guddina idilee guddaa ta'ee

Ariitii olaanaa

gara 0,5 km/sa'a (0,31 mph)

Daakuu, tilmaama

Maal nyaata?

It feeds mainly on bottom-dwelling invertebrates that live on the seabed.1

Suuraa Moses sole — Moses sole. Suuraa: Diego Delso. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Akkaataa itti beekamu

Colour is variable, often whitish, pale brown or pale grey, with irregular dark brown ring-shaped markings1
Many dark brown spots cover the head, body and fins1
Normally two brown dots containing yellow flecks sit along the lateral line1
Adults have a highly compressed, flat-sided body, with both eyes on the right side of the head1
The rounded tail fin is not joined to the dorsal or cloacal fin1

Yeroo baay'ee kan itti wal fakkeessan: Mimic octopuses copy the finless sole by adapting their shape, colour and texture. They can also mimic venomous sea snakes and fish.1

Humna summii

Gogaa isaa keessa summii

Gogaan isaa summaa'aa dha. Tuquun, arrabaan saamuun ykn nyaachuun balaa qaba.

Summiin isaa (summaa'aa, tuquun ykn nyaachuun) maal godha?

The finless sole releases a milky toxin called an ichthyotoxin from the base of its dorsal and cloacal fins. The main toxin, pardaxin, damages cell membranes so that cells leak their contents. It irritates the sensitive gills of predator fish.1

Namootaaf hammam balaa qaba?

Balaa namootaaf: SalphaaAkka iddii kanniisaa ykn sanaa gadi. Namootaaf gonkumaa jechuun ni danda'ama miidhaa hin qabu.

It is caught for food and sold fresh, even though its skin secretion is poisonous.1

Yeroo sodaatu maal godha?

When threatened, it releases its toxic milky secretion from its fins, and its colour helps it blend in with sandy or pebbled seabeds.1

Yoo namni tokko tuqe ykn nyaate

Yoo namni tokko nyaate ykn erga nyaatee booda mallattoon itti mul'ate: battaluma lakkoofsa balaa tasaa ykn giddugala summii bilbili.

Yeroo hunda dursa lakkoofsa balaa tasaa kee bilbili (112, 000, 911). Kun qajeelfama gargaarsa jalqabaa waliigalaa ti, gorsa yaalaa miti. Bu'uura gargaarsa jalqabaa

Nageenyaan turi

Bineensa bosonaa gonkumaa hin tuqin, hin qabin, hin tuttuqin, xiqqaa ta'us, rafe ykn du'e fakkaatus.
Iddoo itti kenni. Yoo tokko wajjin wal argite, tasgabbaa'i, suuta duubatti deebi'iitii karaa isaa akka deemu dhiisi.
Yoo tuqxe ykn nyaatte: ija ykn afaan kee hin sukkuumin, harka kee dhiqi, gargaarsa yaalaas argadhu.

Si miidhuuf si hin barbaadu. Summiin isaa akka homtuu isa hin nyaanneef qofa jira. Waa'ee nageenyaa dabalataan

Addunyaa keessaa eessatti?

Afrikaa Eeshiyaa Awurooppaa Ameerikaa Kaabaa Ameerikaa Kibbaa Awustiraaliyaa fi Oshiyaaniyaa Garba Paasifikii Garba Hindii Galaana Diimaa Galaana Bengaal

Hammam guddaa dha?

Dheerinni isaa hammam?

akka bilookii taphaa 6 tarree tokkoon dheerata

Moses sole SI wajjin yoo wal bira qabamu hammam guddaa dha?

Herrega qofa barsiisaa kee keessatti. Homtuu hin olkaa'amu, eessayyuu hin ergamu.

Hammam ariifata?

Qocaa iddoo biqiltuu gara 0,05 km/sa'a (0,03 mph)

Moses sole gara 0,5 km/sa'a (0,31 mph)

Nama daakaa jiru gara 3 km/sa'a (1,9 mph)

beekuun gaarii dha

Dhugaawwan

One of its toxins, pardaxin-1, is 5 to 10 times more toxic than pardaxin-2 and has unusual shark-repelling properties.1

Its toxin, pardaxin, is used by the fish as a defence against sharks.1

Mimic octopuses copy its shape, colour and texture, and can also copy venomous sea snakes and fish.1

Juveniles have one eye on each side of the head, but as they mature the left eye moves to the right side.1

Eugenie Clark carried out much of the early research on this species.1

Ogeeyyii summiitiif

Maqaa saayinsii: Pardachirus marmoratus
Garee: Bineensota summaa'oo biroo
Maatii: Soleidae2
Tartiiba: Carangiformes
Ardiiwwan: Garba Paasifikii, Garba Hindii, Galaana Diimaa, Galaana Bengaal, Garboota
Balaa namootaaf: 1 / 5: Salphaa3

Dhugaawwan eessaa dhufu

Pardachirus marmoratus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Pardachirus marmoratus (iNaturalist): maqaa fi ramaddii.
Venom Wiki: sadarkaan balaa, guddinni idilee fi tilmaamni ariitii kan keenya. Akkamitti akka hojjennu ilaali: Balaa akkamitti madaalla.

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