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Fakkii kaartuunii South American rattlesnake
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South American rattlesnake

Crotalus durissus
Ni ajjeesuu danda'aYaalii malee si ajjeesuu danda'a. Yoo si ciniine, dafii gargaarsa argadhu.
Bofoota rattlesnake CiniinnaaNyaata: Foon
Balaa namootaaf: Baay'ee balaa qabaNama yaalii hin arganne ajjeesuu danda'a.

The South American rattlesnake is a large, highly venomous pit viper. It lives across much of South America, except the Andes Mountains, and also on some Caribbean islands. It is the most widely spread member of its genus, which is why it matters to people in so many places.1

Kan jiraatu
South America except the Andes, including Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay; also some Caribbean islands, including Aruba1
Ameerikaa Kibbaa
Mana
It prefers savanna and semi-arid areas, and is found in several types of scrub and seasonal forest. In the Chaco region of Paraguay, it lives in the drier, sandier areas.1
Dheerina
1,9 m (6,2 ft)1
Ariitii olaanaa
gara 4 km/sa'a (2,5 mph)
Lafa irra, tilmaama
Maal nyaata?
It eats mainly rodents, which are abundant and available all year in most of its range. In some regions it also eats lizards of the Teiidae family.1
Dhugumaan!Suuraa South American rattlesnake
South American rattlesnake. Suuraa: Leandro Avelar. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Akkaataa itti beekamu

  • Two distinct stripes start at the base of the head, and the colour between the lines is lighter than the stripes.1
  • Body colour and pattern vary, but most have 18 to 32 dark diamond or rhombic spots along the back.1
  • The head has a dark brown bar at the top and a dark band behind the eye.1
  • The tail is usually grey, with dark, faint crossed bands.1
  • The belly is white or yellowish with light grey spots, getting darker towards the tail.1

Humna summii

Ciniinnaa

Summiin yeroo ciniinu ilkaan summii ykn ilkaan isaa keessaan ba'a.

Summiin isaa (ciniinnaa ykn iddiin) maal godha?

Its venom contains neurotoxins, which attack the nerves, and myotoxins, which damage muscle. These cause progressive paralysis, including impaired or lost vision, hearing problems, drooping eyelids and weakness in the neck muscles, which can become so limp that the head appears broken. Breathing can eventually be stopped by paralysis, and the muscle damage can cause dark urine.1

Namootaaf hammam balaa qaba?

Balaa namootaaf: Baay'ee balaa qabaNama yaalii hin arganne ajjeesuu danda'a.

It is a highly venomous snake. The mortality rate is 72% for bite cases without specific serum treatment, and 11% for cases with it. Acute kidney failure is considered the main cause of death.1

Oduu gaarii: doktoroonni qoricha (qoricha farra summii, antivenom) ykn yaalii kanaaf qabu.1

Yeroo sodaatu maal godha?

It is highly alert and gives little warning before it strikes, but it is seldom aggressive towards people.1

Yoo ciniine

  • Specific serum treatment (antivenom) greatly lowers the death rate, so a bite needs urgent hospital care to give it.1
  • Namicha sochii malee fi tasgabbaa'aa tursiisi, qaama ciniiname sadarkaa onnee irra kaa'i, qubeelaa fi waan cimee hidhu baasi, dafii hospitaala geessi.

Yeroo hunda dursa lakkoofsa balaa tasaa kee bilbili (112, 000, 911). Kun qajeelfama gargaarsa jalqabaa waliigalaa ti, gorsa yaalaa miti. Bu'uura gargaarsa jalqabaa

Nageenyaan turi

  • Bineensa bosonaa gonkumaa hin tuqin, hin qabin, hin tuttuqin, xiqqaa ta'us, rafe ykn du'e fakkaatus.
  • Iddoo itti kenni. Yoo tokko wajjin wal argite, tasgabbaa'i, suuta duubatti deebi'iitii karaa isaa akka deemu dhiisi.
  • Yoo tokko si ciniine: tasgabbaa'i, sochii malee turi, lakkoofsa balaa tasaa kee (112, 000, 911) bilbili ykn dafii hospitaala ga'i. Maal akka fakkaatu yaadadhu, suuraan ni gargaara.

Si miidhuuf si hin barbaadu. Summii isaa nyaata qabachuuf ykn of eeguuf fayyadama, dhokachuu immoo baay'ee filata. Waa'ee nageenyaa dabalataan

Addunyaa keessaa eessatti?

AfrikaaEeshiyaaAwurooppaaAmeerikaa KaabaaAmeerikaa KibbaaAwustiraaliyaa fi Oshiyaaniyaa

Hammam guddaa dha?

Dheerinni isaa hammam?

South American rattlesnake dheerinni gara 1,9 m (6,2 ft)Biskileettii nama guddaa gara 1,8 m (5,9 ft)Konkolaataa gara 4,5 m (15 ft)
akka adurree manaa 4 funyaan hanga eegeetti dheerataakka muuzii 11 walitti aananii tarreeffamanii dheeratameetira 100 sekoondii 90 keessatti fiiguu danda'a (namni hundaa caalaa ariifatu 9,6 barbaada)

South American rattlesnake SI wajjin yoo wal bira qabamu hammam guddaa dha?

Herrega qofa barsiisaa kee keessatti. Homtuu hin olkaa'amu, eessayyuu hin ergamu.

Hammam ariifata?

beekuun gaarii dha

Dhugaawwan

1

The lethal dose for a 60 kg human is possibly 18 mg, while a snake's venom yield is 20 to 100 mg.1

2

Crotoxin, a neurotoxin, makes up about 48.5% to 89.4% of the venom proteins in one subspecies, though it is typically 60% to 70%.1

3

It is the most widely distributed member of its genus, and seven subspecies are currently recognised.1

4

It is more active at dusk and in the early hours of the morning.1

5

Males compete for access to females from the end of summer, with mating in autumn and the young born the following spring or summer.1

Soba diigaa

Soba: Yellow venom means the bite damages blood and tissue, and white venom means it attacks the nerves.

Dhugaa: Venom colour does not determine the type. Colour depends on pigments in the venom, not on whether it is haemorrhagic or neurotoxic.1

Ogeeyyii summiitiif

Maqaa saayinsii
Crotalus durissus
Garee
Bofoota rattlesnake
Maatii
Viperidae2
Tartiiba
Squamata
Ardiiwwan
Ameerikaa Kibbaa
Ilmoolee
It gives birth to live young (ovoviviparous), usually four to eight at a time. In Roraima, Brazil, gestation has been reported to last five months, with up to 14 young.1
Balaa namootaaf
4 / 5: Baay'ee balaa qaba3

Dhugaawwan eessaa dhufu

  1. Crotalus durissus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Crotalus durissus (iNaturalist): maqaa fi ramaddii.
  3. Venom Wiki: sadarkaan balaa, guddinni idilee fi tilmaamni ariitii kan keenya. Akkamitti akka hojjennu ilaali: Balaa akkamitti madaalla.

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Garee wal fakkaataa irraa dabalataan: Bofoota rattlesnake

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