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Risba: Black-necked spitting cobra
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Black-necked spitting cobra

Naja nigricollis
O imenu: The scientific name comes from Latin: 'niger' means black and 'collis' means neck. The genus name Naja comes from the Sanskrit word for cobra.1
Lahko ubijeBrez zdravljenja te lahko ubije. Če te ugrizne ali ti pljune strup v oči, hitro poišči pomoč.
Kobre, mambe in kraiti Brizga ali pljuvaJe: Meso
Nevarnost za ljudi: Zelo nevarnaČloveka, ki ne dobi zdravljenja, lahko ubije.

The black-necked spitting cobra is a venomous snake found mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. It can squirt venom from its fangs at a threat, and that venom can cause permanent blindness if it gets into the eyes. Its colours vary a lot from place to place.1

Živi v
Mostly sub-Saharan Africa, in western, eastern, central and parts of southern Africa. Absent from the Congo Basin rainforests.1
Afrika
Domov
It usually lives in savanna and semi-desert, up to 1,800 metres, and also in moist savanna and cleared former forest, especially near rivers and streams. It is often met in villages and small towns, where it may come into direct contact with people. It hides in tree trunks, termite mounds and rodent holes.1
Dolžina
1,2 m do 2,2 m (3,9 ft do 7,2 ft)1
Največja hitrost
približno 7,8 km/h (4,8 mph)
Na kopnem, groba ocena
Kaj je?
It feeds mainly on small rodents such as small rats and mice. It also eats birds, fishes, lizards, eggs and other snakes.1
Zares!Fotografija: Black-necked spitting cobra
Black-necked spitting cobra. Fotografija: Nigel Voaden. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Kako jo prepoznaš

  • Moderately sized, with a moderately distinct head, and grows to 1.2 to 2.2 metres.1
  • Many specimens have a broad black neck band, often with an orange or pinkish bar on the neck.1
  • Colours vary by region: black or pale grey, yellowish-brown, deep reddish-brown, olive brown, striped black and white, or totally white with dark eyes.1
  • Some have a yellow or reddish belly, while others lack the neck bands and belly colour.1

Moč strupa

Brizga ali pljuva

Na napadalce brizga ali pljuva pekočo tekočino.

Kaj naredi njen strup, ko ugrizne ali piči?

Its venom is mostly cytotoxic, meaning it destroys cells, and it also has typical elapid neurotoxic (nerve-attacking) effects and cardiotoxic (heart-damaging) components. A bite causes severe bleeding from the wound, tissue death around the bite, and difficulty breathing. Venom in the eyes causes extreme burning pain, loss of coordination, partial loss of vision, and permanent blindness.1

Kako nevarna je za ljudi?

Nevarnost za ljudi: Zelo nevarnaČloveka, ki ne dobi zdravljenja, lahko ubije.

Its venom is medically significant. The death rate for untreated bites is about 5 to 10%, and under 1% in areas where it is common. When death occurs, it is usually from paralysis of the diaphragm, the muscle used for breathing.1

Kaj naredi, ko se prestraši?

It spits venom from its fangs at a threat, reaching up to 7 metres with good accuracy. It also bites readily, even with only slight provocation.1

Če ugrizne ali pljuva

  • If venom gets into the eyes, it should be washed off, because permanent blindness can follow if it is not. Anyone bitten should get medical treatment, as untreated bites carry a much higher risk of death.1
  • Poškodovanca drži pri miru in ga pomirjaj, odstrani prstane in tesne stvari ter ga hitro odpelji v bolnišnico: zdravljenje je protistrup.
  • Če je strup brizgnil v oči, jih takoj izpiraj z veliko čiste vode.

Vedno najprej pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911). To so splošna navodila za prvo pomoč, ne zdravniški nasvet. Osnove prve pomoči

Ostani varen

  • Nikoli se ne dotikaj divje živali, je ne lovi in je ne draži, tudi če je majhna in tudi če je videti, kot da spi ali je mrtva.
  • Pusti ji prostor. Če jo srečaš, ostani miren, počasi stopi nazaj in jo pusti, da gre svojo pot.
  • Če te ugrizne ali ti pljune strup v oči: ostani miren, ne premikaj se, pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911) ali hitro pojdi v bolnišnico. Zapomni si, kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaga.

Ne preži nate. Strup uporablja, da ulovi hrano ali se zaščiti, in se veliko raje skrije. Več o varnosti

Kje na svetu?

AfrikaAzijaEvropaSeverna AmerikaJužna AmerikaAvstralija in Oceanija

Kako velika je?

Kako dolga je?

Black-necked spitting cobra približno 2,2 m dolga (7,2 ft)Kolo za odrasle približno 1,8 m (5,9 ft)Avto približno 4,5 m (15 ft)
dolga kot 4 domačih mačk od nosu do repadolga kot 12 banan, položenih ena za drugozmore 100 metrov v 46 sekundah (najhitrejši človek potrebuje 9,6)

Kakšne velikosti je Black-necked spitting cobra v primerjavi s TABO?

Samo matematika v tvojem brskalniku. Nič se ne shrani in nič se nikamor ne pošlje.

Kako hitra je?

vredno vedeti

Dejstva

1

It can spit venom accurately more than 7 metres away.1

2

In 1944, a British eye surgeon, Major Harold Ridley, described eye damage from a spit from this cobra in Ghana. He treated the man and followed his case until the eye fully recovered.1

3

A single bite can deliver 200 to 350 mg of venom (dry weight), according to a 1974 study by Minton.1

4

It is an excellent tree climber and can live in trees at times.1

5

Wild-caught individuals tend to be nervous and spit readily, while captive-bred animals are much calmer.1

6

It can be active at night or during the day, depending on the season, location and temperature.1

Razbijalec mitov

Mit: Spitting cobras only spit venom and do not bite.

Resnica: The black-necked spitting cobra also bites, and it will do so with only slight provocation.1

Za strokovnjake za strupe

Znanstveno ime
Naja nigricollis
Skupina
Kobre, mambe in kraiti
Družina
Elapidae2
Red
Squamata
Celine
Afrika
Mladiči
Females usually lay 10 to 15 eggs, though they can lay between 8 and 22. The young are about 20 to 25 cm long at birth and are fully independent.1
Nevarnost za ljudi
4 / 5: Zelo nevarna3

Od kod so dejstva

  1. Black-necked spitting cobra (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Naja nigricollis (iNaturalist): imena in razvrstitev.
  3. Venom Wiki: stopnja nevarnosti, tipična velikost in ocena hitrosti so naše lastne. Poglej, kako jih določimo: Kako ocenjujemo nevarnost.

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