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Risba: Chilean recluse
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Chilean recluse

Loxosceles laeta
O imenu: Laeta is Latin for "happy". In Spanish it is called araña de rincón, meaning "corner spider".1
Potreben je zdravnikLe redko smrtno nevarno, a po ugrizu je potreben zdravnik.
Pajki UgriziJe: Meso
Nevarnost za ljudi: ResnoPo ugrizu je potreben zdravnik. Smrtni primeri so zelo redki.

The Chilean recluse is a brown spider from South America that is considered the most dangerous of the recluse spiders. Its bite can cause serious skin damage and, in rare cases, serious illness that affects the whole body. It is also known for spreading to homes and buildings in several other countries.1

Živi v
Native to South America, including Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Argentina, Uruguay and southern and eastern Brazil1
Južna Amerika
Domov
Dry, undisturbed places such as woodpiles, sheds, closets and garages. It is often found in human homes. It has also been found in buildings in the USA, Canada, Australia, Sweden, Finland and Germany, although it does not thrive in most of these places.1
Dolžina
8 mm do 4 cm (0,3 in do 1,6 in)1
Največja hitrost
približno 0,98 km/h (0,61 mph)
Na kopnem, groba ocena
Kaj je?
It hunts at night, leaving its messy web to do so.1
Zares!Fotografija: Chilean recluse
Chilean recluse. Fotografija: Kaz Born. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Kako jo prepoznaš

  • Brown, ranging from light tan to brown.1
  • Usually has a dark, violin-shaped marking on the top of the front body section, but this marking may not be visible.1
  • Has six eyes arranged in three pairs, not the eight eyes most spiders have. Checking the eyes is more reliable than checking the marking.1
  • Measures 8 to 40 mm including legs, making it one of the larger recluse species.1
  • Builds irregular webs with a messy shelter of tangled threads. It leaves these webs at night to hunt.1

Pogosto zamenjujejo z: Other recluse spiders look similar. The violin marking is not a reliable guide, so the eye arrangement is the more important feature for identification. Six eyes in three pairs is the key clue.1

Moč strupa

Ugrizi

Strup pride ven skozi strupnike ali zobe, ko ugrizne.

Kaj naredi njen strup, ko ugrizne ali piči?

Its venom contains sphingomyelinase D, a substance that destroys skin and tissue. Most bites cause mild irritation, but serious bites can cause a necrotising skin ulcer, which is an open wound where tissue dies. In 10 to 15% of cases, the venom causes a whole-body condition that damages organs, blood cells and kidneys. Bites may feel fine at first, and visible damage can take up to seven hours to appear, while the venom can spread through the body within minutes.1

Kako nevarna je za ljudi?

Nevarnost za ljudi: ResnoPo ugrizu je potreben zdravnik. Smrtni primeri so zelo redki.

Its bite often causes serious reactions, up to and including death. In a study covering 30 years of bites in Chile, 3 to 4% of cases ended in death. In a study of 250 cases in Santiago, Chile, from 1955 to 2000, 9 of the 47 people with the most severe whole-body reaction died. Skin damage can take months, and sometimes years, to heal, leaving deep scars.1

Dobra novica: zdravniki imajo za to zdravilo (protistrup) ali zdravljenje.1

Kaj naredi, ko se prestraši?

It is not aggressive and usually bites only when it is pressed against skin, such as when someone puts on clothing where it is hiding.1

Če ugrizne

  • Applying an ice pack helps, because the venom is more active at high temperatures. Aloe vera may soothe the skin and help control pain.1
  • Ugriz umij in nanj daj ledeni obkladek proti bolečini. Poišči zdravniško pomoč, če je bolečina močna, se širi ali se poškodovanec slabo počuti.

Vedno najprej pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911). To so splošna navodila za prvo pomoč, ne zdravniški nasvet. Osnove prve pomoči

Ostani varen

  • Nikoli se ne dotikaj divje živali, je ne lovi in je ne draži, tudi če je majhna in tudi če je videti, kot da spi ali je mrtva.
  • Pusti ji prostor. Če jo srečaš, ostani miren, počasi stopi nazaj in jo pusti, da gre svojo pot.
  • Če te ugrizne: ostani miren, ne premikaj se, pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911) ali hitro pojdi v bolnišnico. Zapomni si, kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaga.

Ne preži nate. Strup uporablja, da ulovi hrano ali se zaščiti, in se veliko raje skrije. Več o varnosti

Kje na svetu?

AfrikaAzijaEvropaSeverna AmerikaJužna AmerikaAvstralija in Oceanija

Kako velika je?

Kako dolga je?

Chilean recluse približno 4 cm dolga (1,6 in)Sponka za papir približno 3 cm (1,2 in)Pametni telefon približno 15 cm (5,9 in)
približno tako dolga kot sponka za papir

Kakšne velikosti je Chilean recluse v primerjavi s TABO?

Samo matematika v tvojem brskalniku. Nič se ne shrani in nič se nikamor ne pošlje.

Kako hitra je?

vredno vedeti

Dejstva

1

Its venom contains sphingomyelinase D, which is otherwise found only in a few harmful bacteria.1

2

Its venom contains about ten times more of this substance than other sicariid spiders, such as the brown recluse, according to one study.1

3

A colony has lived in the Natural History Museum of Helsinki, probably introduced through fruit shipments in the 1960s and 1970s.1

4

It can survive for a long time without food or water, which helps it spread to new places around the world.1

5

Chile's Loxosceles laeta can produce 60 μg of venom by electrical stimulation, more than the related Loxosceles intermedia and Loxosceles gaucho.1

Razbijalec mitov

Mit: The violin-shaped marking on its back is a reliable way to identify it.

Resnica: The marking may not be visible and is not reliable. Counting the eyes, which are six in three pairs, is more important for identification.1

Za strokovnjake za strupe

Znanstveno ime
Loxosceles laeta
Skupina
Pajki
Družina
Sicariidae2
Red
Araneae
Celine
Južna Amerika
Nevarnost za ljudi
3 / 5: Resno3

Od kod so dejstva

  1. Chilean recluse spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Loxosceles laeta (iNaturalist): imena in razvrstitev.
  3. Venom Wiki: stopnja nevarnosti, tipična velikost in ocena hitrosti so naše lastne. Poglej, kako jih določimo: Kako ocenjujemo nevarnost.

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