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Risba: Golden lancehead
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Golden lancehead

Bothrops insularis
O imenu: Its common name comes from the light yellowish-brown colour of its underside and from its lance-shaped head, which is typical of the genus Bothrops.1
Lahko ubijeBrez zdravljenja te lahko ubije. Če te ugrizne, hitro poišči pomoč.
Jamičarji UgriziJe: Meso
Nevarnost za ljudi: Zelo nevarnaČloveka, ki ne dobi zdravljenja, lahko ubije.

The golden lancehead is an extremely venomous pit viper that lives only on one small Brazilian island, Ilha da Queimada Grande. It is one of the most venomous snakes in Latin America. Because the island is uninhabited and closed to visitors, it is very unlikely that people will ever meet one.1

Živi v
Ilha da Queimada Grande (Snake Island), off the coast of São Paulo state, Brazil. Found nowhere else in the wild.1
Južna Amerika
Domov
The island has forest, clearings and shrubs, and a mild climate that stays between 18 °C and just over 22 °C. The rocky terrain makes the island hard to reach, and no humans or other mammals live there. The snake hunts in trees and shelters in leaf litter or rock crevices.1
Dolžina
70 cm do 1,2 m (2,3 ft do 3,9 ft)1
Največja hitrost
približno 3,5 km/h (2,2 mph)
Na kopnem, groba ocena
Kaj je?
Adults mostly eat perching birds and also lizards, and may sometimes eat other golden lanceheads. After biting prey, it keeps the animal in its mouth instead of releasing it and tracking it, which is thought to suit hunting birds.1
Zares!Fotografija: Golden lancehead
Golden lancehead. Fotografija: Nayeryouakim. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Kako jo prepoznaš

  • Pale yellowish-brown body with a series of dorsal blotches that may be triangular or square.1
  • Belly is a uniform pale yellow or cream.1
  • Lance-shaped head that comes to a point at the nose.1
  • No well-defined stripe running behind the eye.1
  • Has a longer tail than its closest relative, B. jararaca.1

Pogosto zamenjujejo z: Its closest relative is B. jararaca, which lives in southern Brazil, Paraguay and northern Argentina. The golden lancehead can be told apart from it mainly by its longer tail.1

Moč strupa

Ugrizi

Strup pride ven skozi strupnike ali zobe, ko ugrizne.

Kaj naredi njen strup, ko ugrizne ali piči?

Its venom is adapted to the animals of the island, mainly reptiles, arthropods and migrating birds, so it works better on these than on mammals. Chemical analysis suggests it is five times as potent as the venom of B. jararaca and is the fastest-acting venom in the genus Bothrops. Its venom becomes more potent as the snake matures. Effects reported in envenomations include swelling, pain, nausea, vomiting, blood blisters, bruising, bleeding into the gut and brain, kidney failure and severe muscle damage.1

Kako nevarna je za ljudi?

Nevarnost za ljudi: Zelo nevarnaČloveka, ki ne dobi zdravljenja, lahko ubije.

No official report of a human bite from this species has been made, because the island is uninhabited. Other lanceheads cause more human deaths than any other group of snakes in North or South America. One researcher reports four human envenomations by this species, three of which were fatal. For lanceheads in general, the mortality rate is 0.5 to 3.0% with treatment and 7.0% without it.1

Če ugrizne

  • Poškodovanca drži pri miru in ga pomirjaj, ugriznjeni ud drži v višini srca, odstrani prstane in tesne stvari ter ga hitro odpelji v bolnišnico.

Vedno najprej pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911). To so splošna navodila za prvo pomoč, ne zdravniški nasvet. Osnove prve pomoči

Ostani varen

  • Nikoli se ne dotikaj divje živali, je ne lovi in je ne draži, tudi če je majhna in tudi če je videti, kot da spi ali je mrtva.
  • Pusti ji prostor. Če jo srečaš, ostani miren, počasi stopi nazaj in jo pusti, da gre svojo pot.
  • Če te ugrizne: ostani miren, ne premikaj se, pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911) ali hitro pojdi v bolnišnico. Zapomni si, kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaga.

Ne preži nate. Strup uporablja, da ulovi hrano ali se zaščiti, in se veliko raje skrije. Več o varnosti

Kje na svetu?

AfrikaAzijaEvropaSeverna AmerikaJužna AmerikaAvstralija in Oceanija

Kako velika je?

Kako dolga je?

Golden lancehead približno 1,2 m dolga (3,9 ft)Pes približno 1 m (3,3 ft)Odrasla oseba približno 1,7 m (5,6 ft)
dolga kot 2,5 domačih mačk od nosu do repadolga kot 7 banan, položenih ena za drugozmore 100 metrov v 100 sekundah (najhitrejši človek potrebuje 9,6)

Kakšne velikosti je Golden lancehead v primerjavi s TABO?

Samo matematika v tvojem brskalniku. Nič se ne shrani in nič se nikamor ne pošlje.

Kako hitra je?

vredno vedeti

Dejstva

1

Its venom is thought to be five times as potent as that of its closest relative, B. jararaca.1

2

Its venom has evolved to suit the animals of its island, which has no native mammals.1

3

Its tail is longer than that of its closest relative, which may help it climb through trees and catch larger birds from a younger age.1

4

The island's population was estimated at between 2,414 and 2,899 snakes in 2021.1

5

Travel to the island is strictly prohibited by the Brazilian government.1

6

It is found only on Ilha da Queimada Grande, an island of about 43 hectares, and nowhere else in the wild.1

Za strokovnjake za strupe

Znanstveno ime
Bothrops insularis
Skupina
Jamičarji
Družina
Viperidae2
Red
Squamata
Celine
Južna Amerika
Mladiči
Like most vipers, it gives birth to live young. The average number of young per pregnancy is 6.5.1
Kako ji gre v naravi
Critically Endangered (IUCN Red List)1
Nevarnost za ljudi
4 / 5: Zelo nevarna3

Od kod so dejstva

  1. Golden lancehead (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Bothrops insularis (iNaturalist): imena in razvrstitev.
  3. Venom Wiki: stopnja nevarnosti, tipična velikost in ocena hitrosti so naše lastne. Poglej, kako jih določimo: Kako ocenjujemo nevarnost.

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