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Indian red scorpion

Hottentotta tamulus

O imenu: The species name tamulus is thought to come from the Tamil people of southeastern India, where the scorpion occurs.1

Smrtno nevarnaEna najbolj smrtonosnih živali na Zemlji. Če te piči, takoj pokliči pomoč.Hitra pomoč in protistrup rešita večino ljudi. Takoj pokliči številko za klic v sili.

Škorpijoni

PikiJe: Meso

Nevarnost za ljudi: Smrtno nevarnaEna najnevarnejših živali na svetu.

The Indian red scorpion is a small, venomous scorpion found across most of India, eastern Pakistan, the eastern lowlands of Nepal and, more recently, Sri Lanka. It often lives close to people, so its sting is a serious concern in busy rural areas, especially for children.1

Živi v

Most of India, eastern Pakistan, the eastern lowlands of Nepal, and recently recorded in Sri Lanka1

Azija

Domov

It lives in vegetated lowlands with a humid subtropical to tropical climate, and often lives close to or inside human homes, especially in rural areas. It is found in scrubland, cropland, mango orchards, Eucalyptus plantations and under tree bark. People mostly meet it at night or in the early morning, when it crawls into beds or falls from ceilings.1

Dolžina

5 cm do 9 cm (2 in do 3,5 in)1

Največja hitrost

približno 1,6 km/h (0,99 mph)

Na kopnem, groba ocena

Kaj je?

It is nocturnal and hunts small invertebrates, and sometimes small vertebrates such as lizards.1

Fotografija: Indian red scorpion — Indian red scorpion. Fotografija: Shantanu Kuveskar. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Kako jo prepoznaš

Its walking legs and the tips of its pincers are bright orange-yellow to light reddish-brown.1
Its body is about 5 to 9 cm long (50 to 90 mm).1
It has three distinct ridges (carinae) on the top of its body segments.1
It has rather small pincers, a moderately thick tail and a rounded tail tip with a large stinger.1
In males, the base of the pincers is slightly more swollen than in females.1

Pogosto zamenjujejo z: Under tree bark, its close relative Hottentotta pachyurus is far more common, making up about 91% of scorpions found there in one study in Pune, western India. Scorpions found under bark in that area are therefore more likely to be that species.1

Moč strupa

Piki

Strup pride ven skozi želo.

Kaj naredi njen strup, ko ugrizne ali piči?

The venom is a complex mixture of proteins, including a toxin called tamapin. It mainly affects the heart and lungs, causing symptoms such as severe local pain, vomiting, sweating, unconsciousness, muscle convulsions, breathlessness, abnormal heart rhythms, shock and pulmonary oedema (fluid in the lungs), which may cause death.1

Kako nevarna je za ljudi?

Nevarnost za ljudi: Smrtno nevarnaEna najnevarnejših živali na svetu.

It is of great medical significance in densely populated areas of India and Nepal and occasionally causes human deaths. Clinical studies report fatality rates of 8 to 40%, and most victims are children. In Sri Lanka, 12 children in Jaffna died from its stings in 2011, and 80 patients were recorded in 2012.1

Dobra novica: zdravniki imajo za to zdravilo (protistrup) ali zdravljenje.1

Če piči

Antivenin is the specific treatment, combined with supportive care such as vasodilators for heart effects and benzodiazepines for muscle effects. Scorpion antivenom has shown little effect in clinical treatment, while the drug prazosin, which lowers raised blood pressure, is usually recommended and reduces the mortality rate to less than 4%. Get to a hospital fast.1
Pik ohladi z ledenim obkladkom in poškodovanca drži pri miru. Hitro poišči zdravniško pomoč, še posebej pri otrocih: nekateri škorpijoni so za otroke smrtno nevarni.

Vedno najprej pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911). To so splošna navodila za prvo pomoč, ne zdravniški nasvet. Osnove prve pomoči

Ostani varen

Nikoli se ne dotikaj divje živali, je ne lovi in je ne draži, tudi če je majhna in tudi če je videti, kot da spi ali je mrtva.
Pusti ji prostor. Če jo srečaš, ostani miren, počasi stopi nazaj in jo pusti, da gre svojo pot.
Če te piči: ostani miren, ne premikaj se, pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911) ali hitro pojdi v bolnišnico. Zapomni si, kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaga.

Ne preži nate. Strup uporablja, da ulovi hrano ali se zaščiti, in se veliko raje skrije. Več o varnosti

Kje na svetu?

Afrika Azija Evropa Severna Amerika Južna Amerika Avstralija in Oceanija

Kako velika je?

Kako dolga je?

dolga kot 3 kock za igranje v vrstizmore 100 metrov v 220 sekundah (najhitrejši človek potrebuje 9,6)

Kakšne velikosti je Indian red scorpion v primerjavi s TABO?

Samo matematika v tvojem brskalniku. Nič se ne shrani in nič se nikamor ne pošlje.

Kako hitra je?

Želva približno 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Indian red scorpion približno 1,6 km/h (0,99 mph)

Človek, ki hodi približno 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

vredno vedeti

Dejstva

Most of its victims are children, and clinical studies report fatality rates of 8 to 40%.1

It often comes indoors, where it may crawl into beds or fall from ceilings at night.1

Its venom affects the heart and lungs more than the nerves, which is why its symptoms can become life-threatening.1

Prazosin, a drug used to lower blood pressure, reduces its mortality rate to less than 4%.1

It was not originally found in Sri Lanka, but studies from 2010 to 2013 showed it is now present there.1

Razbijalec mitov

Mit: Five different subspecies of the Indian red scorpion exist.

Resnica: R.I. Pocock described five groups in 1900, but these are colour variants (colour morphs), not true subspecies.1

Za strokovnjake za strupe

Znanstveno ime: Hottentotta tamulus
Skupina: Škorpijoni
Družina: Buthidae2
Red: Scorpiones
Celine: Azija
Nevarnost za ljudi: 5 / 5: Smrtno nevarna3

Od kod so dejstva

Hottentotta tamulus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Hottentotta tamulus (iNaturalist): imena in razvrstitev.
Venom Wiki: stopnja nevarnosti, tipična velikost in ocena hitrosti so naše lastne. Poglej, kako jih določimo: Kako ocenjujemo nevarnost.

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Škorpijon je lačen! Venom Wiki je projekt enega človeka: brezplačen, brez oglasov in brez sledilnikov. Majhna napitnina pomaga, da ostane na spletu.Nahrani škorpijona