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Risba: Oak processionary
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Oak processionary

Thaumetopoea processionea
O imenu: The name comes from the caterpillars' habit of moving in nose-to-tail lines called processions.1
Samo boliNe dotikaj seBoli, a te ne bo resno poškodovala.
Gosenice in žuželke Ožigalne dlačiceJe: Rastline
Nevarnost za ljudi: BolečeLahko zelo boli, a skoraj nikoli ni resno.

The oak processionary is a moth whose caterpillars feed on oak leaves and can strip trees bare. The caterpillars travel in long, nose-to-tail lines, which is how they got their name. Their fine, hair-like bristles can irritate skin and breathing, so they matter a lot to people.1

Živi v
Central and southern Europe, occasionally as far north as Sweden; now established in the UK and Belgium1
Evropa
Domov
Oak forests and oak trees, where the caterpillars feed and build silk nests on trunks and branches. People can meet them in oak woodland, on the ground under oaks, and in gardens and parks with oak trees. Their hairs can also reach lawns and garden ponds.1
Dolžina
2,5 cm do 3,5 cm (1 in do 1,4 in)1
Največja hitrost
približno 0,03 km/h (0,02 mph)
Na kopnem, groba ocena
Kaj je?
Caterpillars eat oak leaves, feeding in the tree crowns at night and returning to their nests. They also eat the leaves of hazel, hornbeam, sweet chestnut, birch and beech, though oak is preferred.1
Zares!Fotografija: Oak processionary
Oak processionary. Fotografija: Kleuske. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Kako jo prepoznaš

  • Adult moths have a wingspan of 25 to 35 mm and are tan, brown and white, which makes them hard to see against oak bark.1
  • Caterpillars have very long, white hairs that contrast with shorter hairs.1
  • Caterpillars march in lines, often arrow-shaped, with a leader and rows of several caterpillars side by side.1
  • Nests are white and silk-like when new, and become discoloured and hard to see over time.1
  • Nests can be round, teardrop-shaped, bag-like or blanket-like, and can be found at any height on an oak tree.1

Pogosto zamenjujejo z: Caterpillars of several other species may be mistaken for the oak processionary. Unlike other caterpillars, the oak processionary does not live on fences or walls, so it is mostly found in oak trees or on the ground beneath them in late spring and early summer.1

Moč strupa

Ožigalne dlačice

Drobne dlačice ali ščetine se odlomijo v koži in pečejo.

Kaj naredi njen strup, ko ugrizne ali piči?

The caterpillars' back bristles contain a urticating toxin called thaumetopoein, a protein that irritates the skin. Contact can cause a papular rash and itching, and the hairs can also cause eye inflammation (conjunctivitis). If the hairs are breathed in, they can cause sore throat (pharyngitis), breathing problems, asthma, or in rare cases anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction.1

Kako nevarna je za ljudi?

Nevarnost za ljudi: BolečeLahko zelo boli, a skoraj nikoli ni resno.

The moths are an increasing nuisance to people as their range grows, and the hairs can cause a skin condition called epidemic caterpillar dermatitis. The hairs break off easily, float in the air, and can stay harmful for several seasons. Mowing a lawn can bring people into contact with them.1

Dobra novica: zdravniki imajo za to zdravilo (protistrup) ali zdravljenje.1

Kaj naredi, ko se prestraši?

The caterpillars defend themselves with thousands of pointed, easily broken bristles on their backs that float in the air and irritate the skin.1

Če se dotakneš njenih dlačic

  • The skin irritation and itching can be largely relieved by cetirizine-based antihistamine tablets. Anyone with breathing problems or a severe reaction needs urgent medical help.1
  • Pri ožigalnih dlačicah gosenic: odstrani jih z lepilnim trakom, nato umij kožo. Ne drgni.
  • Pri ugrizih: umij in ohladi. Poišči zdravniško pomoč, če se poškodovanec slabo počuti ali hitro krvavi.

Vedno najprej pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911). To so splošna navodila za prvo pomoč, ne zdravniški nasvet. Osnove prve pomoči

Ostani varen

  • Nikoli se ne dotikaj divje živali, je ne lovi in je ne draži, tudi če je majhna in tudi če je videti, kot da spi ali je mrtva.
  • Pusti ji prostor. Če jo srečaš, ostani miren, počasi stopi nazaj in jo pusti, da gre svojo pot.
  • Če se dotakneš njenih dlačic: ostani miren, ne premikaj se, pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911) ali hitro pojdi v bolnišnico. Zapomni si, kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaga.

Ne preži nate. Strup uporablja, da ulovi hrano ali se zaščiti, in se veliko raje skrije. Več o varnosti

Kje na svetu?

AfrikaAzijaEvropaSeverna AmerikaJužna AmerikaAvstralija in Oceanija

Kako velika je?

Kako dolga je?

Oak processionary približno 3,5 cm dolga (1,4 in)Sponka za papir približno 3 cm (1,2 in)Pametni telefon približno 15 cm (5,9 in)
približno tako dolga kot sponka za papirpočasnejša od vrtnega polža

Kakšne velikosti je Oak processionary v primerjavi s TABO?

Samo matematika v tvojem brskalniku. Nič se ne shrani in nič se nikamor ne pošlje.

Kako hitra je?

vredno vedeti

Dejstva

1

Older caterpillars can have up to 63,000 pointed defensive bristles on their backs.1

2

In 2007, soldiers were deployed to burn infestations in the Belgian province of Limburg.1

3

The UK government spent £37 million trying to control the caterpillars, which had spread to all 33 London boroughs by 2019.1

4

In the Netherlands, great tits have been observed eating the young caterpillars before their hairs develop in April.1

5

In 2023, an outbreak in Ireland was successfully eradicated.1

Za strokovnjake za strupe

Znanstveno ime
Thaumetopoea processionea
Skupina
Gosenice in žuželke
Družina
Notodontidae2
Red
Lepidoptera
Celine
Evropa
Mladiči
Eggs hatch into caterpillars that build communal silk nests in oak trees, and the caterpillars later pupate into adult moths in these nests.1
Nevarnost za ljudi
2 / 5: Boleče3

Od kod so dejstva

  1. Oak processionary (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Thaumetopoea processionea (iNaturalist): imena in razvrstitev.
  3. Venom Wiki: stopnja nevarnosti, tipična velikost in ocena hitrosti so naše lastne. Poglej, kako jih določimo: Kako ocenjujemo nevarnost.

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Živi tudi v: Evropa

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