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Saharan horned viper

Cerastes cerastes

O imenu: It is named after the pair of horn-like scales above each eye.1

Potreben je zdravnikLe redko smrtno nevarno, a po ugrizu je potreben zdravnik.

Vipere in gadi

UgriziJe: Meso

Nevarnost za ljudi: ResnoPo ugrizu je potreben zdravnik. Smrtni primeri so zelo redki.

The Saharan horned viper is a venomous snake that lives in the deserts of North Africa and parts of the Arabian Peninsula. It has a pair of small, horn-like scales above its eyes. Its venom can cause serious harm, so it is important to know what it looks like.1

Živi v

Deserts of Northern Africa, parts of the Arabian Peninsula and the Levant1

Afrika, Azija

Domov

It prefers dry, sandy areas with a few rocky outcrops, but avoids coarse sand. It is sometimes found around oases and up to 1,500 metres above sea level. It prefers cooler places, where annual average temperatures are 20 °C or less.1

Dolžina

30 cm do 85 cm (1 ft do 2,8 ft)1

Največja hitrost

približno 3,3 km/h (2,1 mph)

Na kopnem, groba ocena

Kaj je?

It mainly eats lizards, especially geckos, small rodents and birds. It is an ambush predator that lies buried in sand next to rocks or under vegetation. It sometimes travels long distances at night to find prey.1

Fotografija: Saharan horned viper — Saharan horned viper. Fotografija: Bernard DUPONT. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Kako jo prepoznaš

A pair of horn-like scales sits above each eye, although some individuals have no horns.1
Its colour is yellowish, pale grey, pinkish, reddish or pale brown, and almost always matches the sand or soil where it lives.1
A row of dark, semi-rectangular blotches runs along its back, and the belly is white.1
Its tail is usually thin and may have a black tip.1
It moves by sidewinding, pressing its body into the sand and leaving whole-body impressions.1

Pogosto zamenjujejo z: Its close relative Cerastes gasperettii was once considered a subspecies of this snake. The Saharan horned viper has a larger head relative to its body and horns are more common in it. When threatened, it rubs its coils together to make a rasping noise, which is similar to the sound made by snakes of the genus Echis, so sound alone does not identify it.1

Moč strupa

Ugrizi

Strup pride ven skozi strupnike ali zobe, ko ugrizne.

Kaj naredi njen strup, ko ugrizne ali piči?

Its venom is reported to act much like the venom of Echis snakes. A bite usually causes swelling, bleeding (haemorrhage), tissue death (necrosis), nausea, vomiting and blood in the urine. A high level of phospholipase A2, an enzyme that damages cells, may cause heart and muscle damage.1

Kako nevarna je za ljudi?

Nevarnost za ljudi: ResnoPo ugrizu je potreben zdravnik. Smrtni primeri so zelo redki.

The estimated lethal dose of venom for a human is 40–50 mg of dried venom. Its venom is strong enough to cause serious harm in people.1

Kaj naredi, ko se prestraši?

If threatened, it forms a C-shaped posture and rapidly rubs its coils together, producing a rasping noise. It is otherwise fairly placid.1

Če ugrizne

Poškodovanca drži pri miru in ga pomirjaj, ugriznjeni ud drži v višini srca, odstrani prstane in tesne stvari ter ga hitro odpelji v bolnišnico.

Vedno najprej pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911). To so splošna navodila za prvo pomoč, ne zdravniški nasvet. Osnove prve pomoči

Ostani varen

Nikoli se ne dotikaj divje živali, je ne lovi in je ne draži, tudi če je majhna in tudi če je videti, kot da spi ali je mrtva.
Pusti ji prostor. Če jo srečaš, ostani miren, počasi stopi nazaj in jo pusti, da gre svojo pot.
Če te ugrizne: ostani miren, ne premikaj se, pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911) ali hitro pojdi v bolnišnico. Zapomni si, kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaga.

Ne preži nate. Strup uporablja, da ulovi hrano ali se zaščiti, in se veliko raje skrije. Več o varnosti

Kje na svetu?

Afrika Azija Evropa Severna Amerika Južna Amerika Avstralija in Oceanija

Kako velika je?

Kako dolga je?

dolga kot 1,5 domačih mačk od nosu do repadolga kot 5 banan, položenih ena za drugozmore 100 metrov v 110 sekundah (najhitrejši človek potrebuje 9,6)

Kakšne velikosti je Saharan horned viper v primerjavi s TABO?

Samo matematika v tvojem brskalniku. Nič se ne shrani in nič se nikamor ne pošlje.

Kako hitra je?

Želva približno 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Saharan horned viper približno 3,3 km/h (2,1 mph)

Človek, ki hodi približno 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

vredno vedeti

Dejstva

Its venom is strong enough that an estimated 40–50 mg could be lethal to a human.1

Its scales are strongly keeled, which is what makes its rasping warning sound.1

When it moves by sidewinding, its body leaves impressions in the sand that can be used to count its ventral scales.1

In ancient Egypt, a hieroglyph of this snake was used for the letter f, based on the species name ft.1

Females grow larger than males, and males have larger heads and eyes.1

Razbijalec mitov

Mit: All Saharan horned vipers have horns above their eyes.

Resnica: Hornless individuals do occur, although many have the horns.1

Za strokovnjake za strupe

Znanstveno ime: Cerastes cerastes
Skupina: Vipere in gadi
Družina: Viperidae2
Red: Squamata
Celine: Afrika, Azija
Mladiči: It lays eggs, 8–23 at a time, under rocks and in abandoned rodent burrows. The eggs hatch after 50 to 80 days.1
Nevarnost za ljudi: 3 / 5: Resno3

Od kod so dejstva

Cerastes cerastes (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Cerastes cerastes (iNaturalist): imena in razvrstitev.
Venom Wiki: stopnja nevarnosti, tipična velikost in ocena hitrosti so naše lastne. Poglej, kako jih določimo: Kako ocenjujemo nevarnost.

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