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Katuni ya Gwardar
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Gwardar

Pseudonaja mengdeni
Kuhusu jina: The scientific name Pseudonaja mengdeni honours Mengden, the person the species is named after; the name gwardar is one of its common names.1
Anaweza kuuaAnaweza kukuua bila matibabu. Akikuuma, tafuta msaada haraka.
Nyoka wa Australia KuumwaHula: Nyama
Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

The gwardar, also called Mengden's brown snake or the western brown snake, is a venomous snake found in dry parts of Australia. It is considered dangerously venomous, and its bite can cause severe symptoms that may lead to death.1

Anaishi
Endemic to Australia: from the coast of Western Australia through central Australia to north-west New South Wales and western Queensland1
Australia na Oceania
Nyumbani
It lives in dry to arid areas, including woodlands, spinifex deserts, sandplains, stony plains, croplands and grasslands. It is often found within fallen timber, dead trees, shrubs, native grasses and ground cavities.1
Urefu
2 m (6.6 ft)1
Kasi ya juu
takriban km 7.5 kwa saa (maili 4.7 kwa saa)
Nchi kavu, makadirio
Hula nini?
It preys on small reptiles, mammals, other snakes, ground-nesting birds and bird eggs.1
Kweli kabisa!Picha ya Gwardar
Gwardar. Picha: Carl-st205. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

  • Highly variable in colour, from light brown to almost black1
  • Two distinct forms: 'orange with black head' and 'pale head, grey nape'1
  • Scales on the head often form a black V or W pattern1
  • Cream, yellow, orange or grey belly, often with dark orange or grey blotches1
  • Slender body and narrow head, with a large strap-like scale around the front of the snout1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: It is often confused with the eastern brown snake, which has a pink mouth lining, and the northern brown snake, which has a purplish or blue-black mouth lining. It is also confused with other brown snakes and the black-headed python. Telling species apart reliably requires scale counts, which should only be done by an experienced herpetologist.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Kuumwa

Sumu hutoka kupitia meno yake ya sumu au meno anapouma.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

Its venom is neurotoxic, which attacks the nerves, and haemotoxic, which affects the blood. Its symptoms are severe and potentially fatal.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

It is considered dangerously venomous. Its bite can cause severe symptoms resulting in death. A scratch from its fangs can still be fatal.1

Habari njema: madaktari wana dawa (ya kuzuia sumu) au matibabu ya hili.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

When threatened, it raises the front part of its body into an S-shape, lifts its head off the ground and opens its mouth.1

Akiuma

  • First aid must be applied and medical attention sought straight away. Brown snake antivenom is the treatment used in case of envenoming.1
  • Kubana na kutotikisa: funga bandeji nyororo kwa nguvu juu ya jeraha kisha mguu au mkono mzima, weka banzi, na umweke mtu bila kutikisika kabisa hadi msaada ufike.
  • Usioshe mahali alipoumwa: hospitali inaweza kupima sumu iliyobaki kwenye ngozi ili kuchagua dawa sahihi ya kuzuia sumu.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

  • Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
  • Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
  • Akikuuma: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

AfrikaAsiaUlayaAmerika KaskaziniAmerika KusiniAustralia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

Gwardar urefu wa takriban 2 m (6.6 ft)Baiskeli ya mtu mzima takriban 1.8 m (5.9 ft)Gari takriban 4.5 m (15 ft)
urefu sawa na paka wa nyumbani 4 kutoka pua hadi mkiaurefu sawa na ndizi 11 zilizopangwa mstariangeweza kukimbia mita 100 kwa sekunde 48 (binadamu mwenye kasi zaidi anahitaji 9.6)

Gwardar ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

1

It is mainly active during the day, though it can be active on warm nights.1

2

Hybridisation between Pseudonaja species makes identifying them difficult.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi
Pseudonaja mengdeni
Kundi
Nyoka wa Australia
Familia
Elapidae2
Mpangilio
Squamata
Mabara
Australia na Oceania
Watoto
It is oviparous, meaning it lays eggs, with up to more than 12 eggs per clutge.1
Hatari kwa watu
4 / 5: Hatari sana3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

  1. Pseudonaja mengdeni (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Pseudonaja mengdeni (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
  3. Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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Zaidi kutoka kundi hilohilo: Nyoka wa Australia

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Pia anaishi: Australia na Oceania

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Mlishe ngekibubu cha michango, kinaiweka bure