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Mediterranean recluse

Loxosceles rufescens

Kuhusu jina: The specific name rufescens means "reddish", referring to the colour of the species.1

Inauma tuInauma, lakini haitakudhuru vibaya.

Buibui

KuumwaHula: Wadudu

Hatari kwa watu: InaumaInaweza kuuma sana, lakini karibu kamwe si jambo zito.

The Mediterranean recluse spider is a small spider that comes from the Mediterranean region. It has spread to many parts of the world through human travel and trade, and it is listed as one of the most invasive spiders in the world. Its bite can cause skin damage, so it is worth knowing what it looks like.1

Anaishi

Mediterranean and western Asia; now also Madagascar, south-east Asia, Australia, islands and North America1

Ulaya, Asia, Afrika

Nyumbani

It usually lives in caves, basements and tunnels, and prefers warm, generally dry weather. Where it is not native, it is often found in damp places such as basements, where it hunts cockroaches and silverfish. In 2021, spiders of this species were found in a university library basement, which led to the library closing for two days.1

Urefu

7 mm hadi 7.5 mm (0.3 in hadi 0.3 in)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 0.8 kwa saa (maili 0.5 kwa saa)

Nchi kavu, makadirio

Hula nini?

It is an active hunter that goes out at night to catch and kill insects, rather than waiting in a web. It mainly targets smaller insects, such as silverfish and cockroaches, because their soft bodies are easier to overcome.1

Picha ya Mediterranean recluse — Mediterranean recluse. Picha: Ludivine Lamare. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

A medium-sized spider with three pairs of two eyes arranged in a triangle, instead of the usual eight eyes1
A violin-shaped pattern on the front part of the body (cephalothorax)1
Adults of both sexes grow to about 7 to 7.5 cm... no, 7 to 7.5 mm long1
Its web is very thin and fragile, made of silk strands laid in a disorganised way1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: It is nearly indistinguishable in appearance from the brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa). Pest control for one can often be adapted for the other.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Kuumwa

Sumu hutoka kupitia meno yake ya sumu au meno anapouma.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

Its venom contains an enzyme called sphingomyelinase D, which causes necrosis, meaning the death of skin and other tissue around the bite. Most cases are medically insignificant. In some cases, penetrating pain starts 2 to 8 hours after the bite, followed by burning, and the area becomes red and painful. A blister may form that turns dark blue with a sunken centre over several days. In rare cases, the blood and kidneys can be damaged, which can lead to kidney failure.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: InaumaInaweza kuuma sana, lakini karibu kamwe si jambo zito.

Most bites are medically insignificant, but some people are affected much more seriously. In 2024, the species was blamed for the deaths of two people in Italy.1

Akiuma

Osha jeraha na uweke barafu kupunguza maumivu. Tafuta msaada wa kitabibu kama maumivu ni makali, yanasambaa au mtu anajisikia vibaya.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Akikuuma: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

mdogo kiasi cha kukaa juu ya ukucha wako

Mediterranean recluse ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Kobe takriban km 0.3 kwa saa (0.19 mph)

Mediterranean recluse takriban km 0.8 kwa saa (0.5 mph)

Mtu anayetembea takriban km 5 kwa saa (3.1 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

It is listed as one of the most invasive spiders in the world.1

It can survive for long periods without food and water, which makes it hard to control in homes.1

Young spiders shed their skins several times as they grow, and these skins often look pale and ghostly.1

Males hunt more actively than females, partly because they are also searching for a mate.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Loxosceles rufescens
Kundi: Buibui
Familia: Sicariidae2
Mpangilio: Araneae
Mabara: Ulaya, Asia, Afrika
Watoto: Egg sacs contain about 40 eggs, which take a few weeks to hatch, depending on the temperature.1
Hali yake porini: Least Concern (South African National Biodiversity Institute)1
Hatari kwa watu: 2 / 5: Inauma3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Mediterranean recluse spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Loxosceles rufescens (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

Kila ukweli kwenye ukurasa huu una namba inayoonyesha chanzo chake. Kama tumekosea kitu, samahani, sisi ni wapenzi wa wanyama, si jarida la kisayansi. Tuambie kupitia [email protected] nasi tutarekebisha.

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