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Monocled cobra

Naja kaouthia

Kuhusu jina: The name comes from the monocle-shaped, or circular, marking on the hood.1

AnauaMmoja wa wanyama wanaoua zaidi Duniani. Akikuuma, omba msaada mara moja.Msaada wa haraka na dawa ya kuzuia sumu huokoa watu wengi. Piga namba yako ya dharura mara moja.

Swila, koboko na ngoshwe

KuumwaHula: Nyama

Hatari kwa watu: AnauaMmoja wa wanyama hatari zaidi duniani.

The monocled cobra is a venomous snake found across South and Southeast Asia. It has a round, monocle-shaped mark on the back of its hood, though some individuals have a faint pattern or none at all. It often lives close to people, so it is responsible for many snakebites in its range.1

Anaishi

South and Southeast Asia, from India east to China, Vietnam and Cambodia, and south to the Malay Peninsula1

Asia

Nyumbani

It prefers places with water, such as paddy fields, swamps and mangroves, but also lives in grasslands, forests, farmland (up to 1,000 m) and human settlements, including cities. In rice-growing areas it hides in rodent burrows in the banks between fields.1

Urefu

1.4 m hadi 2.3 m (4.4 ft hadi 7.5 ft)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 7.6 kwa saa (maili 4.7 kwa saa)

Nchi kavu, makadirio

Hula nini?

Juveniles feed mostly on amphibians. Adults prey on small mammals, snakes and fish.1

Picha ya Monocled cobra — Monocled cobra. Picha: Akash M. Deshmukh. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

A round, O-shaped marking on the hood, usually yellow or orange, though the pattern can be variable or absent1
A black spot on the underside of the hood on either side1
One or two black cross-bars on the belly just behind the hood1
The back may be yellow, brown, grey or blackish, and adults become paler, brownish or olive1
Adults typically measure 1.35 to 1.5 m, with a tail of about 23 cm1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: The Indian cobra has a 'spectacle' pattern on the back of its hood: two circular marks joined by a curved line. The monocled cobra has a single O-shaped mark instead.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Kuumwa

Sumu hutoka kupitia meno yake ya sumu au meno anapouma.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

The venom is neurotoxic, meaning it attacks the nerves. It blocks nerve signals to the muscles, which can cause paralysis and, in severe cases, death from respiratory failure. The venom also contains myotoxins (which damage muscle) and cardiotoxins (which harm the heart), and usually causes extensive local tissue death (necrosis) around the bite. Drowsiness and neurological symptoms usually appear first, while pain, flushing and low blood pressure typically appear within one to four hours. In very severe cases, paralysis or death can occur as early as 60 minutes. The neurotoxins of this species are described as weak.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: AnauaMmoja wa wanyama hatari zaidi duniani.

It is responsible for a significant share of snakebite cases and deaths in its range. It causes the greatest number of snakebite fatalities in Thailand. In Thailand between 1968 and 1974, 20 cobra bites were recorded, all with systemic envenoming, and 19 patients survived.1

Habari njema: madaktari wana dawa (ya kuzuia sumu) au matibabu ya hili.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

When disturbed it prefers to escape, but when threatened it raises the front of its body, spreads its hood, hisses loudly and strikes to bite.1

Akiuma

Mweke mtu bila kutikisika na mtulivu, ondoa pete na vitu vinavyobana, na umpeleke hospitali haraka: dawa ya kuzuia sumu ndiyo tiba.
Sumu ikitemewa machoni, yasafishe mara moja kwa maji mengi safi.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Akikuuma: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

urefu sawa na paka wa nyumbani 5 kutoka pua hadi mkiaurefu sawa na ndizi 13 zilizopangwa mstariangeweza kukimbia mita 100 kwa sekunde 47 (binadamu mwenye kasi zaidi anahitaji 9.6)

Monocled cobra ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Mtu anayetembea takriban km 5 kwa saa (3.1 mph)

Monocled cobra takriban km 7.6 kwa saa (4.7 mph)

Mtoto kwenye baiskeli takriban km 12 kwa saa (7.5 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

Some populations can spray venom accurately at a target, which is why it is called the Indian spitting cobra.1

A single bite delivers about 263 mg of dry venom on average.1

It can hybridise with the spectacled cobra (Naja naja), and some hybrid pairs have been seen cooperating in caring for young.1

In rice-growing areas it has become semi-aquatic, living close to water.1

Its largest recorded fang measures 6.78 mm.1

Kuvunja dhana potofu

Dhana potofu: Every monocled cobra has the monocle-shaped mark and can spit venom.

Ukweli: The hood pattern can be highly variable or absent in some individuals, and not all individuals can spit venom.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Naja kaouthia
Kundi: Swila, koboko na ngoshwe
Familia: Elapidae2
Mpangilio: Squamata
Mabara: Asia
Watoto: It lays eggs. Females lay 16 to 33 eggs per clutch, hatching after 55 to 73 days, and usually stay with the eggs.1
Hali yake porini: Least Concern (IUCN Red List); listed on CITES Appendix II1
Hatari kwa watu: 5 / 5: Anaua3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Monocled cobra (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Naja kaouthia (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

Kila ukweli kwenye ukurasa huu una namba inayoonyesha chanzo chake. Kama tumekosea kitu, samahani, sisi ni wapenzi wa wanyama, si jarida la kisayansi. Tuambie kupitia [email protected] nasi tutarekebisha.

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