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Katuni ya Pygmy copperhead
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Pygmy copperhead

Austrelaps labialis
Kuhusu jina: "Copperhead" refers to the colour of the scales on its back and around its snout and eyes, and "pygmy" refers to its smaller size compared with its relatives.1
Anahitaji daktariMara chache huua, lakini kuumwa kunahitaji daktari.
Nyoka wa Australia KuumwaHula: Nyama
Hatari kwa watu: MbayaKuumwa kunahitaji daktari. Vifo ni nadra sana.

The pygmy copperhead is a small, venomous snake found only in South Australia, mainly on Kangaroo Island and in the Fleurieu Peninsula and Mount Lofty Ranges. It is the smallest of the Australian copperheads. Its venom is dangerous, so prompt medical treatment matters.1

Anaishi
Endemic to South Australia: Kangaroo Island, Fleurieu Peninsula and Mount Lofty Ranges. Sightings on islands between mainland Australia and Tasmania.1
Australia na Oceania
Nyumbani
It lives in moist areas near streams, in swamps, marshland, and open sclerophyll woodland and forest, where average yearly rainfall is 600–800 mm. Sightings have also been made in the Adelaide Hills, and on islands near Tasmania, probably after accidentally stowing away on boats.1
Urefu
60 cm hadi 1.2 m (2 ft hadi 3.9 ft)1
Kasi ya juu
takriban km 6.4 kwa saa (maili 4 kwa saa)
Nchi kavu, makadirio
Hula nini?
It eats smaller animals, most often small lizards, frogs and tadpoles. It feeds more often than the highland and lowland copperheads. Cannibalism has also been reported.1
Kweli kabisa!Picha ya Pygmy copperhead
Pygmy copperhead. Picha: unknown. CC0, iNaturalist.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

  • Dorsal scales are brown to grey, with a darker stripe along the spine.1
  • The belly is cream to light grey, with red along the edges that fades to a brown-grey underside.1
  • The lip scales are barred with dark colour.1
  • Adults average about 80 cm long, with males usually larger than females.1
  • Newborns often have paler backsides than adults.1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: The highland and lowland copperheads are larger, and the pygmy copperhead is the smallest of the Australian copperheads. It is not closely related to the American copperhead, Agkistrodon contortrix.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Kuumwa

Sumu hutoka kupitia meno yake ya sumu au meno anapouma.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

The venom is strongly neurotoxic, which means it attacks the nerves, and its toxicity is similar to that of the Indian cobra. It is weakly coagulant and strongly anticoagulant, meaning it can both disrupt blood clotting and destroy blood and muscle. Without prompt treatment, a bite can cause possibly irreversible damage to nerve endings.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: MbayaKuumwa kunahitaji daktari. Vifo ni nadra sana.

Bites are considered possibly lethal. The snake is not known for being aggressive and is unlikely to attack unless it is stepped on or purposely provoked.1

Habari njema: madaktari wana dawa (ya kuzuia sumu) au matibabu ya hili.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

It is generally unobtrusive and usually hides under leaf litter, old iron and haystacks.1

Akiuma

  • Prompt antivenom treatment is essential, because bites are considered lethal without it. Antivenom developed from tiger snake venom cannot completely neutralise the neurotoxicity of pygmy copperhead venom.1
  • Kubana na kutotikisa: funga bandeji nyororo kwa nguvu juu ya jeraha kisha mguu au mkono mzima, weka banzi, na umweke mtu bila kutikisika kabisa hadi msaada ufike.
  • Usioshe mahali alipoumwa: hospitali inaweza kupima sumu iliyobaki kwenye ngozi ili kuchagua dawa sahihi ya kuzuia sumu.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

  • Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
  • Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
  • Akikuuma: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

AfrikaAsiaUlayaAmerika KaskaziniAmerika KusiniAustralia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

Pygmy copperhead urefu wa takriban 1.2 m (3.9 ft)Mbwa takriban 1 m (3.3 ft)Mtu mzima takriban 1.7 m (5.6 ft)
urefu sawa na paka wa nyumbani 2.5 kutoka pua hadi mkiaurefu sawa na ndizi 7 zilizopangwa mstariangeweza kukimbia mita 100 kwa sekunde 56 (binadamu mwenye kasi zaidi anahitaji 9.6)

Pygmy copperhead ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

1

Sightings on islands near Tasmania are probably the result of snakes stowing away on boats.1

2

It is the only snake endemic to South Australia.1

3

It is the smallest of the Australian copperhead snakes.1

4

Its litter size is about half that of the other Australian copperheads, which is linked to its smaller body size.1

5

In field research, only about two thirds of surveyed adult females were reproductive, which suggests females do not breed every year.1

Kuvunja dhana potofu

Dhana potofu: Because it is small and not aggressive, the pygmy copperhead is harmless.

Ukweli: Its venom is strongly neurotoxic, and its bite is considered possibly lethal without prompt antivenom treatment.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi
Austrelaps labialis
Kundi
Nyoka wa Australia
Familia
Elapidae2
Mpangilio
Squamata
Mabara
Australia na Oceania
Watoto
It gives birth to live young, commonly seven per litter, with an average maximum of 20 in a single litter.1
Hatari kwa watu
3 / 5: Mbaya3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

  1. Pygmy copperhead (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Austrelaps labialis (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
  3. Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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