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Saharan horned viper

Cerastes cerastes

Kuhusu jina: It is named after the pair of horn-like scales above each eye.1

Anahitaji daktariMara chache huua, lakini kuumwa kunahitaji daktari.

Nyoka aina ya fira na kifutu

KuumwaHula: Nyama

Hatari kwa watu: MbayaKuumwa kunahitaji daktari. Vifo ni nadra sana.

The Saharan horned viper is a venomous snake that lives in the deserts of North Africa and parts of the Arabian Peninsula. It has a pair of small, horn-like scales above its eyes. Its venom can cause serious harm, so it is important to know what it looks like.1

Anaishi

Deserts of Northern Africa, parts of the Arabian Peninsula and the Levant1

Afrika, Asia

Nyumbani

It prefers dry, sandy areas with a few rocky outcrops, but avoids coarse sand. It is sometimes found around oases and up to 1,500 metres above sea level. It prefers cooler places, where annual average temperatures are 20 °C or less.1

Urefu

30 cm hadi 85 cm (1 ft hadi 2.8 ft)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 3.3 kwa saa (maili 2.1 kwa saa)

Nchi kavu, makadirio

Hula nini?

It mainly eats lizards, especially geckos, small rodents and birds. It is an ambush predator that lies buried in sand next to rocks or under vegetation. It sometimes travels long distances at night to find prey.1

Picha ya Saharan horned viper — Saharan horned viper. Picha: Bernard DUPONT. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

A pair of horn-like scales sits above each eye, although some individuals have no horns.1
Its colour is yellowish, pale grey, pinkish, reddish or pale brown, and almost always matches the sand or soil where it lives.1
A row of dark, semi-rectangular blotches runs along its back, and the belly is white.1
Its tail is usually thin and may have a black tip.1
It moves by sidewinding, pressing its body into the sand and leaving whole-body impressions.1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: Its close relative Cerastes gasperettii was once considered a subspecies of this snake. The Saharan horned viper has a larger head relative to its body and horns are more common in it. When threatened, it rubs its coils together to make a rasping noise, which is similar to the sound made by snakes of the genus Echis, so sound alone does not identify it.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Kuumwa

Sumu hutoka kupitia meno yake ya sumu au meno anapouma.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

Its venom is reported to act much like the venom of Echis snakes. A bite usually causes swelling, bleeding (haemorrhage), tissue death (necrosis), nausea, vomiting and blood in the urine. A high level of phospholipase A2, an enzyme that damages cells, may cause heart and muscle damage.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: MbayaKuumwa kunahitaji daktari. Vifo ni nadra sana.

The estimated lethal dose of venom for a human is 40–50 mg of dried venom. Its venom is strong enough to cause serious harm in people.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

If threatened, it forms a C-shaped posture and rapidly rubs its coils together, producing a rasping noise. It is otherwise fairly placid.1

Akiuma

Mweke mtu bila kutikisika na mtulivu, weka kiungo kilichoumwa usawa wa moyo, ondoa pete na vitu vinavyobana, na umpeleke hospitali haraka.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Akikuuma: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

urefu sawa na paka wa nyumbani 1.5 kutoka pua hadi mkiaurefu sawa na ndizi 5 zilizopangwa mstariangeweza kukimbia mita 100 kwa sekunde 110 (binadamu mwenye kasi zaidi anahitaji 9.6)

Saharan horned viper ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Kobe takriban km 0.3 kwa saa (0.19 mph)

Saharan horned viper takriban km 3.3 kwa saa (2.1 mph)

Mtu anayetembea takriban km 5 kwa saa (3.1 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

Its venom is strong enough that an estimated 40–50 mg could be lethal to a human.1

Its scales are strongly keeled, which is what makes its rasping warning sound.1

When it moves by sidewinding, its body leaves impressions in the sand that can be used to count its ventral scales.1

In ancient Egypt, a hieroglyph of this snake was used for the letter f, based on the species name ft.1

Females grow larger than males, and males have larger heads and eyes.1

Kuvunja dhana potofu

Dhana potofu: All Saharan horned vipers have horns above their eyes.

Ukweli: Hornless individuals do occur, although many have the horns.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Cerastes cerastes
Kundi: Nyoka aina ya fira na kifutu
Familia: Viperidae2
Mpangilio: Squamata
Mabara: Afrika, Asia
Watoto: It lays eggs, 8–23 at a time, under rocks and in abandoned rodent burrows. The eggs hatch after 50 to 80 days.1
Hatari kwa watu: 3 / 5: Mbaya3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Cerastes cerastes (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Cerastes cerastes (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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